性剝削兒少安置機構工作者主觀經驗探討：以兒少性剝削防制條例通過後為例

Practitioners’ Subjective Experiences of Child Protection Residential Care: After Child and Youth Sexual Exploitation Prevention Act

羅杏如(Luo Shing-Ru)

指導教授 ： 游美貴

國立臺灣師範大學/國際與社會科學學院/社會工作學研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/THE.NTNU.GSW.017.2018.F04

摘要

隨著舊法「兒童及少年性交易防制條例」立法精神和處遇模式的不適用，最終於2017年正式施行新法「兒童及少年性剝削防制條例」。新法強調應視性剝削兒少為受害者時，性剝削兒少安置機構工作人員照顧和意識型態是否會隨著法條價值信念產生變化？抑或是仍存在過往將兒少視為觸法者，採用隱性權控的照顧模式。故，本研究邀請6位性剝削兒少安置機構工作人員，從工作人員主觀服務經驗瞭解安置機構照顧模式、對性剝削兒少的看法、新法施行後的影響、實務及政策執行上的困境和建議。本研究發現如下：
一、目前機構工作人員的服務模式：目前性剝削兒少安置機構工作人員的提供之服務與過往文獻研究結果大致相同，但細探下可發現，部分機構工作人員願意將舊有較控制的規定，改以較尊重兒少的操作方式，但若規定涉及兒少人身安全和資料保密問題，機構便不敢調整放寬。
二、機構工作人員實務經驗：看待兒少遭受性剝削主要原因為家庭因素，其次是同儕關係和個人因素，而機構工作人員對兒少和安置工作的看法，與過往工作經驗、機構提供的訓練和機構的期待有關。
三、兒童及少年性剝削防制條例影響：機構是否提供訓練課程和外聘督導協助，明顯影響機構工作人員對於新法的瞭解，研究發現機構工作人員對於新法仍停留在觀念吸收階段，工作人員在認識、理解和運用三者間仍有許多矛盾之處。
四、新法施行對於性剝削兒少安置機構服務模式的影響不大，最主要原因在於機構工作人員大多仍採取問題解決處遇、究責風氣影響機構改變的態度，以及當今社會未能察覺性化和物化的意識形態。
　　據此，本研究針對研究發現進行討論，提出實務和體制上的建議，以供未來實務和政策參考。

關鍵字

性剝削兒少 ； 安置性剝削兒少之機構 ； 機構工作人員

並列摘要

Since the legislative spirit of the “Child and Youth Sexual Transaction Prevention Act” and its intervention model has gradually lost its suitability, the “Child and Youth Sexual Exploitation Prevention Act” officially went into effect in 2017. As the new act emphasizes that sexually exploited children and adolescents are victims, will the child protection practitioners from residential agencies adjust their caretaking models and ideologies to the belief and value changes in the new act? Or will they still view the children and adolescents as criminals and implicitly take a controlling approach when offering care? Thus, the researcher invited six child protection practitioners from residential agencies to share their subjective experiences in order to understand residential agencies’ caretaking models, their views on sexually exploited children and adolescent, the impacts of the new act, difficulties faced in direct practice and policy implementing and their advice. The research findings are as follows:
1.The current intervention model of child protection practitioners from residential agencies: The services currently offered by child protection practitioners from residential agencies are basically the same as mentioned in past literatures. Yet, after taking a deeper look, part of the practitioners are willing to take a more respectable approach then the old, controlling approach. However, if new regulations pose a threat to the children and adolescents’ safety or confidentiality, then the agencies would feel uneasy about becoming less restrictive.
2.The child protection practitioners’ experiences in direct practice: How they view sexually exploited children and adolescents is mostly influenced by familial factors, and then comes peer relationships and personal factors. As for how they view children, adolescents and work in residential agencies, their views are related to work experiences from the past, training offered by the agencies and the expectations of the agencies.
3.The impacts of the “Child and Youth Sexual Exploitation Prevention Act”: Whether the agencies offer training courses and the assistance of external supervisors has a noticeable relation to practitioners’ understanding of the new act. The research shows that practitioners from residential agencies are still in the phase of ideology absorption and that they still have contradicted feelings towards learning, understanding and using the new ideologies.
4.The main reasons the new act has little impact on the intervention models of residential agencies for sexually exploited children and adolescents are because practitioners still mostly take a problem-solving intervention approach, the blaming attitude towards how new ideas affect the agencies and society’s inability to recognize sexualizing and objectifying ideologies.
Based on these findings, the researcher offers advice for direct practice and organizations as reference for future direct practice and policy making.

並列關鍵字

Sexually exploited children and adolescents ； residential agencies for sexually exploited children and adolescents ； child protection practitioners from residential agencies

參考文獻

高淑清(2001)。在美華人留學生太太的生活世界：詮釋與反思。本土心理學研究，16，225-285。

一、中文部份

Brown, J.（2018年6月）。受疏忽兒童與性剝削的關係。防治兒少性剝削國際研討會，台灣大學法律學院霖澤館國際會議廳。

Rush, E.（2018年6月）。受疏忽兒童與性剝削的關係。防治兒少性剝削國際研討會，台灣大學法律學院霖澤館國際會議廳。

公民監督國會聯盟（2014）。兒童及少年性交易防制條例修正草案。取自 http://www.ccw.org.tw/bill/content/20363