研發能力、專利績效與企業經營績效之關聯性研究─以臺灣電子產業為例

隨著科技的日新月異，企業愈來愈依賴創新，並且逐漸將以往的生產要素從勞力密集轉向知識密集。在這種建構於知識上的經濟體裡，知識與創新是企業維持競爭地位的根本，企業的研發能力有利於創新的產生，而專利權往往視為研發成果的代表。至於企業該如何有效地利用創新與研發提升企業經營績效，更是成為現今企業的重要議題。有鑑於此，本研究以2000年至2013年臺灣上市電子產業為研究對象，探討企業研發能力、專利績效與企業經營績效之間的關聯性。由於臺灣企業多往美國申請專利，因此本研究將美國核准專利數納入一併討論。實證結果發現，企業研發能力越強則專利績效越佳，同時對企業的附加價值及勞動生產力越有幫助，然而企業的研發能力與專利績效對於企業的股東權益報酬並沒有顯著影響。由於本研究僅以臺灣電子產業為研究對象，建議未來可以納入其他不同的產業進行研究。

關鍵字

研發能力；專利績效；企業經營績效

並列摘要

As technology advances, companies gradually rely on innovation, and the production factor they focuses on also shifts from labor intensive to knowledge intensive. Therefore, knowledge and innovation is the most essential elements to maintain the competitiveness of the companies in the economy nowadays, and the number of published patents are often considered to be the result of their research. However, how companies can effectively use innovation to increase their production is still under discussion. For this reason, the purpose of this study is to find the relationship among the development and performance of a company, and the number of published patents it has in the Taiwan's electronic industry from 2000 to 2013. Due to most of Taiwanese companies only apply American patents, this study also includes the number of patents approved by the United States. The results discovered that the stronger the research and development capabilities that a company has, the more patents it will publish, and the more productivity it will have. Yet, the ability of researching and the number of patents it publishes do not affect ROE. It is highly recommended to include not only the electronic industry, but a variety of fields in the future.