都市淹水災害社會脆弱性分析—以新竹為例

隨著越來越多研究指出社會人文條件對於災害具有一定程度的影響時，社會人為的災害研究也開始備受重視，其中「脆弱性」研究便是一塊重要的領域。脆弱性是指一地面對災害時的體質，脆弱性越高，也就代表在面臨災害時將會造成較大的損失，因此研究一地的脆弱性可以說是災害風險評估中相當重要的一環。而脆弱性又可分為「自然物理脆弱性」與「社會脆弱性」兩種，本研究所要研究的便是「社會脆弱性」，意即在社會的各種條件下，社會對災害的潛在體質。透過評估指標的選定，配合統計資料的搜集，便可有效計算出脆弱性分數。本文以新竹市作為範例，以模糊德爾菲法與層級程序分析法來進行社會脆弱性指標的選定，並透過政府與問卷等數據資料的搜集，計算出新竹市的社會脆弱性分數。除此之外，本文也討論社會脆弱性研究的價值與有效性，並給予後續研究建議。

關鍵字

災害研究；脆弱性；社會脆弱性；社會條件

並列摘要

Recently, many researches indicate that the social and cultural conditions have a certain degree of influence on the disaster. As a result, disaster researches of social and human dimensions get more attention. Especially, vulnerability research is becoming an important issue. Vulnerability refers to the potential conditions of society, and the higher vulnerability of disaster also represents the disaster will cause greater losses. So a study of vulnerability to disaster risk assessment can be a very important part. The vulnerability can be explained into two kinds of meanings. One is “social vulnerability”, and the other one is “physical vulnerability”. In this study, we focus on “social vulnerability”, which means under a variety of social conditions, how those conditions influence the society when the hazard happened .Through the selected evaluation index, with the collection of statistical data, we can calculate the vulnerability scores effectively. In this paper, calculated social vulnerability scores of Hsinchu City.