自閉症幼兒共同注意力、依附關係與其同理心之相關研究

摘要本研究旨在探討自閉症幼兒與一般幼兒的共同注意力、依附關係及同理心，並探討二組幼兒的這些能力是否也具相關性。研究參與者為大台北地區之四到六歲幼兒，其中自閉症幼兒32名，一般幼兒35名。本研究所採用工具為三份問卷,由家長填寫：「自編共同注意力問卷」、「幼兒依附關係量表」、「兒童同理心量表中文版」，將問卷所得數據用描述統計、典型相關分析、單因子變異數分析等方式進行分析。本研究主要發現如下： 1.「自編共同注意力問卷」具備可接受的信效度。 2.自閉症幼兒在共同注意力、同理心方面發展低於一般幼兒。自閉症幼兒的依附關係與一般幼兒無顯著差異。 3.自閉症幼兒的共同注意力、依附關係、同理心兩兩之間都存在正相關。 4.一般幼兒的共同注意力、依附關係、同理心兩兩之間未發現相關性。最後，根據上述結果進行討論，對特殊幼兒發展心理學研究、家長育兒方式等方面提出建議，以供後續特殊幼兒研究及療育作參考。關鍵字：自閉症、共同注意力、依附關係、同理心

關鍵字

自閉症；共同注意力；依附關係；同理心

並列摘要

Abstract The purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between Joint Attention, Attachment and Empathy among children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. These relationships among normal children will also be tested. Children from Taipei were recruited for the study, including 32 children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and 35 normal children. The study used three scales as tools , and used Description Statistics, Canonical Correlation Analysis and ANOVA to analyze the data. Findings are: 1.The self-designed questionnaire has an acceptable reliability and validity. 2.Compared to normal children, children with Autism Spectrum Disorder have lower development level on Joint Attention, Empathy. No significant difference were found in Attachment between two groups. 3.Among children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Joint Attention, Attachment and Empathy all have significant relationships between each other. 4. Among normal children, there are no significant relationship between Joint Attention, Attachment and Empathy. Finally, The article discussed these relationships and proposed suggestions for further special education studies. Keywords : Autism, Joint Attention , Attachment , Empathy