5052鋁合金與ABS塑膠摻雜炭化稻殼粉末異質接合之特性研究

在現今許多電子用品、3C產品、自行車、航太工業等，利用金屬與塑膠異質接合形成複合式材料，在各領域皆被廣泛應用。此複合材料可同時具有輕量化與高強度之優點，且在設計彈性上各得以讓不同材料之特性充分發揮。塑膠與金屬之接合件，兼具塑膠材料的質量輕巧與抗化學侵蝕之特性，以及金屬之延性與強度。本研究將5052鋁合金與ABS塑膠，以超音波銲接方式進行異質搭接，並探討其接合品質。為了使兩種異質材料得以順利接合，本研究針對鋁合金表面及塑膠表面進行粗化，並在兩銲接區域內增加不同比例摻雜物後，再利用超音波銲接使兩者產生接合作用。鋁合金表面粗化部分先是以砂紙磨除表面氧化層，再利用CNC銑床鑽削直徑為1 mm、深度2 mm之微型陣列孔洞，此方式可以產生足夠的孔深與孔徑使熔融塑膠進入其中。在設定固定孔洞數條件後，將研究重點擺在不同摻雜物及銲接時間長短對強度之影響。經由拉伸試驗後發現，隨孔洞數增加及搭配適合之銲接參數，可有效提升接合件的強度。而使用炭化稻殼與ABS粉末摻雜於異質界面亦可提升接合效果。其中以ABS粉末與炭化稻殼重量比90 wt%：10 wt%、總重量為0.2 g摻雜之效果為最佳，所獲得接合件之最大平均荷重為4390 N。

關鍵字

5052鋁合金； ABS塑膠；異質接合；超音波銲接；稻殼灰；二氧化矽

並列摘要

In recent years, the use of metal and plastic dissimilar bonding to form composite materials are widely used in various electronic products fields. This composite material have both of the advantages of lightweight and high strength, which can make the full development of the characteristics of the material in the various application. This plastic and metal dissimilar joint has the lightweight property and chemical etching resistance of the plastic, as well as the ductility and strength of the metal. In this study, the ultrasonic welding method was used for dissimilar bonding 5052 aluminum alloy and ABS plastic. In order to make the two dissimilar materials to be joined successfully, the surface of aluminum alloy and plastic have been coarsened before bonding. The dissimilar joining has been made by ultrasonic welding with doping different proportion dopants in the interface of welding zones. The CNC milling machine was used to make the roughened surface of aluminum alloy by drilling micro-array of holes with 1 mm in diameter and 2 mm in depth. This micro-array of holes can generate enough space to allow the molten plastic flow into the holes. This study have focused on the tensile property of dissimilar joint which influenced by different proportions of dopants and welding time with fixed hole number. Experimental results shows that the bonding strength can be improved by increasing the number of holes and suitable welding parameters. The use of carbonized rice husk and ABS mixing powder in the interface can also enhance the bonding property of joints. The joint has the maximum load of 4390 N when the weight ratio of ABS powder to carbonized rice husk is 9 1 and the total weight of powder is 0.2 g.