缺血預處理對蹲舉運動表現之影響

目的：本研究旨在探討缺血預處理 (ischemic preconditioning, IPC) 對於具規律阻力訓練經驗者的平行蹲舉 (parallel squat) 運動表現之影響。方法：本研究共招募12名成年男性 (年齡，23 ± 2歲；身高，176 ± 7公分；體重，76 ± 15公斤；蹲舉最大肌力，125 ± 42公斤)。每位受試者需先進行2次控制處理 (CON)，然後，再依隨機交叉之方式接受LIPC處理 (local IPC，加壓220 mmHg) 與SHAM處理 (加壓20 mmHg)，其中LIPC與SHAM包含進行4個循環的5分鐘缺血與5分鐘再灌流。實驗處理結束後，受試者需在測力板上進行4組平行蹲舉測驗，負荷設定為60% 1 RM (repetition maximum, RM)，並於第4組蹲舉測驗中，要求受試者盡可能多地實施蹲舉運動至衰竭。結果：LIPC在蹲舉測驗時的反覆次數 (LIPC vs. SHAM vs. CON, 23 ± 5 vs. 20 ± 4 vs. 19 ± 4下, p = .001) 及運動量 (LIPC vs. SHAM vs. CON, 1627.2 ± 527.3 vs. 1456.7 ± 488.2 vs. 1341.3 ± 428.2公斤, p = .001)，均明顯高於其他實驗處理。在平均力量輸出、最大發力率與瞬時發力率方面，LIPC皆明顯高於CON (p < .05)。此外，在蹲舉測驗過程中的肌肉氧飽和度、血乳酸與運動強度自覺分數，在各實驗處理之間均無顯著差異。結論：LIPC能促進具有阻力訓練經驗者的蹲舉運動表現，然而，LIPC不會改變衰竭性蹲舉運動時的運動肌群血流量與氧飽和度。

關鍵字

再灌流；血流阻斷；阻力運動；熱身活動

並列摘要

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on parallel squat performance in individuals with regular resistance training experiences. Methods: Twelve males were recruited [age, 23 ± 2 years; height, 176 ± 7 cm; body mass, 76 ± 15 kg; squat 1RM (repetition maximum), 125 ± 42 kg] in this study. All participants were required to conduct 2 control (CON) treatments, and then performed LIPC (local IPC, 220 mmHg) and SHAM (20 mmHg) treatments in randomized crossover design. The LIPC and SHAM included 4 cycles of 5-min ischemia and 5-min reperfusion. During the squat test, participants performed 4 sets of parallel squat at 60% 1RM on the force platform. At the fourth set, participants were asked to perform as many repetitions as possible until exhaustion. Results: The number of repetitions (LIPC vs. SHAM vs. CON, 23 ± 5 vs. 20 ± 4 vs. 19 ± 4 reps, p = .001) and exercise volume (LIPC vs. SHAM vs. CON, 1627 ± 527 vs. 1457 ± 488 vs. 1341 ± 428 kg, p = .001) in LIPC were significantly greater than the others. The average force, maximal and instantaneous rate of force development in LIPC were significantly higher than those in CON (p < .05). There were no significant differences in tissue saturation index, blood lactate concentration, and rating of perceived exertion during squat test among treatments. Conclusion: LIPC might improve the squat performance in resistance-trained individuals, however, LIPC would not change the blood flow and muscular oxygenation during exhaustive squat exercise.

並列關鍵字

reperfusion ； blood flow occlusion ； resistance training ； warm up

參考文獻

Bailey, T. G., Jones, H., Gregson, W., Atkinson, G., Cable, N. T., & Thijssen, D. H. (2012). Effect of ischemic preconditioning on lactate accumulation and running performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 44(11), 2084-2089. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318262cb17

Barbosa, T. C., Machado, A. C., Braz, I. D., Fernandes, I. A., Vianna, L. C., Nobrega, A. C., & Silva, B. M. (2015). Remote ischemic preconditioning delays fatigue development during handgrip exercise. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 25(3), 356-364. doi: 10.1111/sms.12229

de Groot, P. C., Thijssen, D. H., Sanchez, M., Ellenkamp, R., & Hopman, M. T. (2010). Ischemic preconditioning improves maximal performance in humans. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 108(1), 141-146. doi: 10.1007/s00421-009-1195-2

Jean-St-Michel, E., Manlhiot, C., Li, J., Tropak, M., Michelsen, M. M., Schmidt, M. R., ... Redington, A. N. (2011). Remote preconditioning improves maximal performance in highly trained athletes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 43(7), 1280-1286. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318206845d

Kjeld, T., Rasmussen, M. R., Jattu, T., Nielsen, H. B., & Secher, N. H. (2014). Ischemic preconditioning of one forearm enhances static and dynamic apnea. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 46(1), 151-155. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182a4090a

國際替代計量

缺血預處理對蹲舉運動表現之影響

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