被結構和結構化－探究網球團隊雙教練模式下的深層運作

一般大眾多對學校球隊的外聘教練有許多的誤解，不是認為其工作單純就是內容輕鬆，然而作為一個學校外聘僱員的立場，其與該場域有著深刻且複雜的關係，而這也導致了許多潛藏的困難與責任。本文以筆者進入學校從事外聘教練成為總教練展開，原先對該職業天真的幻想，卻隨著逐步深入學校球隊結構後，進而引發一系列的權力爭奪而面臨幻滅。在這過程中，筆者始終不知其原因為何，因此便欲藉此篇研究，以布爾迪厄（Pierre Bourdieu,1930-2002）的資本、慣習、場域三觀點，釐清外聘教練在學校社會的實踐經驗，反省後重新分析外聘教練與學校、球隊社會、另一名教練間的權力互動。以慣習中的主要概念「被結構化的結構」和「結構化的結構」描述外聘雙教練的到來，與場域間產生的變化。筆者的帶隊過程中，場域間來自各方的人和各種關係的交織下，摩擦與衝突不斷發生，然而也正是身處在這種處境中，才能挖掘外聘教練與學校、球隊社會、另一名教練之間特有的深層運作結構，並以一個新的視角看待外聘教練存在的意義。

關鍵字

外聘教練；深層運作；網球團隊；被結構化的結構；結構化的結構；雙教練模式

並列摘要

Most people have many misunderstandings about the contract coach of the school team, contending that the job is not only simple but also easy. However, from the position of the contract coach of a school, he or she has deep and complex relations within the field, which leads to many potential predicaments and responsibilities. In this study, as the researcher begins her job of being a contract head coach, her initial naïve picture about this job becomes disillusioned after and through the entrance of the school structure, particularly the scenario of power struggles at this school. In the process, the researcher started to embark on the study of Pierre Bourdieu’s logic of practice—that is, capital, habitus, and field—to elucidate the contract coach’s practice experience in the society of the school. Then, upon reflection, the researcher restarted to analyze the power relations among the head coach, the assistant coach and the school team society. The major concepts derived from habitus such as “structured structure” and “structuring structure” are employed to describe the changes caused by the head coach’s arrival on the field. While the researcher takes the lead of the team, tensions and conflicts, however, continue to occur among the people of the field and the network crisscrossed by the interpersonal relations. However, only when the researcher is situated in this situation can she discover the deep operation structure among the head coach, the assistant coach, and the school team society. Meanwhile, the researcher is capable of regarding the raison d’être of the contact head coach from a new perspective.