同步與非同步視頻面試是否調節第一印象和外表吸引力對面試判斷之影響力？

隨著互動式資訊技術 (Interactive Communication Technologies, ICTs)的迅速發展，同步視頻面試 (Synchronous Video Interview, SVIs)和非同步視頻面試 (Asynchronous Video Interview, AVIs)這兩種人才篩選工具逐漸被企業採納，代表使用的準確性變得更為重要。而也有研究證明，與工作無關的資訊也會影響面試結果，例如性別、外表以及面試官的第一印象。縱然 SVIs 與 AVIs 等新甄選工具已開始普及，但是否因此而得以降低面試官的偏見，至今少有科學化探討的證據，例如面試官在對應徵者溝通技巧及五大人格特質進行評分時，是否受其他干擾因素影響，而這卻是重要的就業甄選標準。本研究採用準實驗研究法，研究對象由具有豐富面試經驗的人力資源從業人員擔任，共計完成 118 份有效資料。結果發現應徵者經過美醜操弄，會影響面試官在外表吸引力的判斷；第一印象與溝通技巧及五大人格特質評分皆呈現顯著正相關，外表吸引力則僅在溝通技巧評分呈現顯著，表示第一印象仍是決定面試評分的關鍵；特別發現使用 AVI，可以抑制第一印象對面試評分的影響，但卻會強化外表吸引力與面試評分的關係。

關鍵字

同步視頻面試；非同步視頻面試；第一印象；外表吸引力；五大人格特質

並列摘要

With the rapid development of interactive communication technologies (ICTs), synchronous video interviews (SVIs) and asynchronous video interviews (AVIs) are gradually adopted by many organizations. It means that the accuracy of using the ICTs becomes much more important. Since those two interview modalities are commonly used in employment screening, the accuracy of evaluating job candidates by those ICTs are still unknown, while there is no research to compare which interface synchrony (SVI vs. AVI) provides more accuracy for predicting candidates’ personality traits and communication skills that has been approved as important employment selection criteria. Many empirical studies have shown that information unrelated to work can also affect interview evaluation, such as the candidates’ gender, physical appearance, and first impression. Therefore, the aims of this study are trying to compare the impacts of the first impression and physical appearance on the human raters’ judgement between a SVI and an AVI setting, to test whether first impression and candidate’s appearance would moderate the raters’ judgement, and to find out what lessons learned from the real interviews in both SVI and AVI settings for interviewer education in these computer-mediated interviews. The study conducted the quasi-experimental research method, and invited 118 experienced human resource (HR) professionals as the raters. We found that our manipulation of candidates’ appearance affected the interviewer's judgment on the appearance attractiveness. First impression was positively associated with communication skills and personality trait scores, but appearance attractiveness was only positively associated with communication skills. Using AVI could lessen the impact of first impression on interview rating, but it strengthens the relationship between appearance attractiveness and interview ratings.