馬祖地區中老年人健康促進生活型態及其相關因素研究

本研究目的在探討馬祖地區中老年人健康促進生活型態及其相關因素，以馬祖四鄉五島 45(含 )歲以上之中老年人為研究對象，採橫斷式問卷調查，有效問卷共計 361份，以 IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0統計軟體進行分析，統計方法分為描述性統計與推論性統計。研究結果摘要如下：一、研究對象的健康促進活動參與態度分數為 30.75(總分 40分 )，介於沒意見和同意之間的中等程度；個人背景變項與健康促進活動參與態度在性別 (p<.001)、現在居住的地點 (p<.01)與最高教育程度(p<.05)有顯著差異。二、研究對象在健康促進生活型態總量表平均得分在中等之上，營養行為與人際關係得分最高，其餘分量表平均得分由高至低依序為：自我實現、壓力處理、健康責任、運動行為。三、研究對象在健康促進生活型態會因為最高教育程度 (p<.05)、婚姻狀況 (p<.05)、宗教信仰 (p<.05)及目前被診斷出疾病的有無 (p<.05)的不同而有顯著差異。四、研究對象的健康促進活動參與態度與健康促進生活型態呈現正相關。五、研究對象的個人背景變項、健康促進活動參與態度研究對象的個人背景變項、健康促進活動參與態度可以有效預測其可以有效預測其健康促進生活型態健康促進生活型態，能，能解釋健康促進生活型態總變異量的解釋健康促進生活型態總變異量的25.5%，，其中顯著的預測變項共有其中顯著的預測變項共有5項，分別為健康促進活動參與態度、年項，分別為健康促進活動參與態度、年齡、最高教育程度、宗教信仰齡、最高教育程度、宗教信仰及及目前被診目前被診斷斷出的疾病出的疾病的的有無。有無。根據研究結果根據研究結果本研究建議馬祖地區本研究建議馬祖地區衛生與衛生與健康促進相關單位健康促進相關單位宜宜在馬祖各鄉多開設健康促進相關課程與活動，加強在馬祖各鄉多開設健康促進相關課程與活動，加強民眾民眾健康促進及健康促進及健康責任之觀念，期望促進馬祖地區中老年人的健健康責任之觀念，期望促進馬祖地區中老年人的健康狀況及提升其康狀況及提升其生活品質。生活品質。

關鍵字

中老年人；健康促進；生活型態；活動參與態度

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is explore the Health-promoting lifestyles and related factors of middle-aged and elderly people in Matsu. The research objects are over 45years old in Matsu. It’s a cross-sectional questionnaire study. 361 valid questionnaires were retrieved. Use IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 for analysis. Statistical methods are divided into descriptive statistics and theoretical statistics. The research results are as follow: 1. The scores of participants’ attitudes towards participation in health promotion activities are above average,the score is 30.75(total score 40 points). Gender(p<.001), Place of residence(p<.01) and highest level of education(p<.05) are significant difference. 2. The scores of participants’ attitudes towards participation in health-promoting lifestyles profile are above average. Nutrition and interpersonal support are the highest, the other sort from high to low is: self-actualization, stress management, health responsibility, exercise. 3. highest level of education, marital status, Religious belief ,and Whether the disease is diagnosed are significant difference in the health-promoting lifestyles profile. 4. participants’ attitudes towards participation in health promotion activities and health-promoting lifestyles profile have significant positive correlation. 5. sociodemographic and attitudes towards participation in health promotion activities of the research object predict the health-promoting lifestyles. It can explain 25.5% of the total variation of health promotion lifestyle. Among them, there are 5 significant predictive variables, namely attitude to participate in health promotion activities, age, highest level of education, religious belief, and Whether the disease is diagnosed. This study suggests that health promotion and health-related organizations in the Matsu can organize more courses and activities related to health promotion to strengthen the concept of health promotion and health responsibility, hoping to promote the health of middle-aged and elderly people in Matsu and improve their quality of life.