台灣與中國大陸大學生性健康素養之比較研究

本研究的目的主要是對台灣與大陸大學生性健康素養的現況進行調查與比較，了解兩岸大學生的性健康素養之現況，分析台灣與大陸大學生個人背景變項、性知識、性態度、健康素養與性健康素養之關係，總結對未來在培育大學生性健康素養上的啟示和建議。本研究採用自填式調查問卷為工具，大陸地區收取232份有效問卷，台灣地區收取210份有效問卷。結果顯示，從性知識層面來說，兩岸大學生的性知識水平都屬於中等偏低。性態度方面，兩岸大學生對婚前性行為的接受度均是高的,大陸大學生略高於台灣大學生。健康素養方面，大陸大學生整體健康素養水平為中等偏上。而在性健康素養方面，兩岸大學生的性健康素養都處於中等水平。愛滋病預防方面，兩岸大學生對於跟專業人員討論愛滋病的相關話題都比較困難。總體上，性健康素養與愛滋病預防，台灣大學生都略優於大陸大學生「性別」、「年級」、「過去一年內是否有性行為經驗」會影響大陸大學生的性知識水平；大陸大學生之「性態度」沒有因個人背景變項的不同而產生差異；「年級」會影響大陸大學生的健康素養；「性別」、「年級」、「父親教育程度」、「過去一年內從事性行為時是否有使用相關防護措施」的不同會對大陸大學生的性健康素養產生影響，台灣大學生的性健康素養則會因為「性別」、「現階段發生性行為是否恰當」以及「過去一年內是否有性行為經驗」的不同而有顯著差異。大陸大學生愛滋病預防會因「性別」、「父親教育程度」、「母親的教育程度」的不同而有顯著差異，台灣大學生的愛滋病預防會因「性別」、「現階段發生性行為是否恰當」以及「過去一年內是否有性行為經驗」的不同而有顯著差異。 Pearson積差相關分析結果顯示了五個量表間的相關系數都達到了顯著，結構方程模型顯示，健康素養與愛滋病預防對性健康素養有顯著的直接影響。

關鍵字

兩岸；大學生；性健康素養；愛滋病預防

並列摘要

This study aims to summarize the clues and suggestions on the future education on college students' sexual health by comparison and research between the current health literacy between Taiwanese students and the mainland ones, accompanied with comprehension on the present status of university students' sexual health literacy across the strait, as well as analyses on Taiwan and mainland students' personal background variables, such as: sexual knowledge, attitudes, the relationship between health literacy and health literacy, In this study, 232 valid questionnaires were collected from mainland China and 210 valid questionnaires from Taiwan. The results show that respondents from both sides of the Straits have medium low lever in knowledge, and medium level on sexual healthy literacy. However, when it comes to attitudes toward sex, students from whichever side have a high acceptance for premarital sex, especially mainland students. Moreover, with regard to health literacy, the overall level of mainland college students is above average. For HIV/AIDS prevention, the unwillingness to strike up a conversation with AIDS related topics to professionals is quite evident on both sides` respondents. On the whole, the education on sexual health literacy and AIDS prevention in Taiwan has been achieved slightly better than that in the mainland, China. For students from mainland China, although the variation of personal background could not contribute to difference in their sexual attitude, variables, such as: "gender", "grade" and "sexual experience within one year" do in the level of sexual knowledge. On top of this, grade is also fundamental to the health literacy for them, while these students` sexual health literacy are to some extent influenced by the variables mentioned above, However, for students from Taiwan, these variables do affect their sexual health literacy. For AIDS prevention, the deterring factors for mainland students are the "gender", "father's education degree", "mother's education degree" while those for Taiwanese are "gender", "present proper sex" and "whether in the past year have sex experience". Pearson product difference correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients among the five scales were all significant. SEM models showed that health literacy and HIV prevention had a significant direct impact on sexual health literacy.