探討LPS應用於優秀跨欄選手運動學分析

An exploration of LPS analysis applied to high-level hurdlers kinematics

方麒堯(Fang Chi-Yao)

指導教授 ： 相子元

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/運動競技學系/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202100003

摘要

前言：局部定位系統 (LPS) 為一種運動員追蹤系統，國際上大部分使用此系統來監控籃球、足球等團體運動項目，並搭配慣性感測器 (IMU) 來彌補活動量之監控，透過兩者儀器的特性互相結合，可運用在田徑項目上；我國跨欄有望獲得亮眼的國際成績，但缺乏完整的運動學報告來協助，因此，我們首次將LPS導入跨欄，並量化選手表現，結果將可供教練、運科人員更詳細的參考。目的：證實LPS應用於短距離跨欄技術分析之可行性；並使用LPS與IMU監控與量化跨欄選手運動學參數，提供近期我國跨欄選手完整的表現數據。方法：招募9名優秀跨欄選手 (5男4女)，使用同步LPS與IMU之系統Goalgo T1 (臺灣創明，台北) 收取實驗數據，並以高速攝影機作為效標；分析每位選手各區間的運動學參數，最後以描述統計呈現。結果：Goalgo T1在時間序列、定位距離，與效標有非常高的相關性 (r = .994, p < .001)，且時間序列平均誤差約在0.02 s內，定位距離平均誤差約在10 cm上下；我國跨欄選手之間存在層級落差，另外較佳的選手與國際選手成績僅有些許差異。結論：我們證實了LPS應用在短距離跨欄之可行性，並提供選手完整的運動學表現參數，供教練與研究人員做為參考，未來可應用於不同運動項目上；我國不論男女選手皆有層級落差，與國際選手也存在些許差異，建議可針對不足再進行加強，以奪得佳績。

關鍵字

局部定位系統 ； 六十米跨欄 ； 跨欄運動學

並列摘要

The local positioning system (LPS) is an athlete tracking system which used by many researchers to monitor team sports such as basketball and football. Inertial measurement unit (IMU) is also used to provide more detail information for activity and training load detection. Combination of these two instruments can be applicable to analyze movement in track and field. Hurdlers in Taiwan have great potential to compete with international elite athletes. However, there is a lack of complete kinematics data to assist coach to train more efficiently. Therefore, for the first time, LPS was applied to hurdles to quantify performance kinematics in this study. The results can be used for more detailed reference by coaches and researchers. The purpose of this study is to prove the feasibility of applying LPS to short-distance hurdle technical analysis. On the other hand, the kinematic parameters of hurdlers were monitored and quantified by using LPS conjointly with IMU to provide complete performance data. Nine national-level hurdlers were recruited in this study. The Goalgo T1 system, which synchronizes LPS and IMU, was used to collect experimental data; and a high-speed camera was used to verify the reliability and validity. Then, the kinematics parameters of each hurdler were analyzed. The results show that Goalgo T1 has a high correlation with video camera in time series and positioning distance (r = .99, p <.001); the average error of the time series is within 0.02 s, and the average error of the positioning distance is around 10 cm. In addition, we also found differences between different level hurdlers, and slight difference between the best local hurdler and international hurdlers. In the conclusion of this study, we confirmed the feasibility of applying LPS in short-distance hurdles, and provided more thorough kinematic parameters for coaches to train more efficiently. In addition, differences between different level athletes were found which could be used as a reference to modify the training program to enhance hurdle performance.

並列關鍵字

Local Positioning System ； 60 meter hurdle ； Hurdles Kinematics

參考文獻

高軍 (2009)。淺談跨欄跑與欄間結合技術。科研與教育，6，44-45。

張吉堯、陳志明、何金山、黃貫倫、陳慧真 (2016)。百十公尺跨欄技術與生物力學分析。休閒運動保健學報，10，10-19。

潘玉梅 (2014)。對田徑跨欄跑教學中擺動腿技術分析。哈爾濱師範大學自然科學學報，6，124-126。

劉紅、詹曉梅 (2012)。劉翔與羅伯斯全程技術時間特徵分析-以 2012 年伯明罕室內 60m 欄決賽為例。遼寧體育科技，34(4)，60-62。

Adashevskiy, V. M., Iermakov, S. S., Korzh, N. V., Radosław, M., Prusik, K., & Cieślicka, M. (2014). Biomechanical study athletes' movement techniques in the hurdles (on example of phase of flight). Physical Education of Students, 4, 3-12.