大學生參與國際志願服務助人行為及動機調節歷程之研究

本研究旨在探討大學生參與國際志願服務助人行為及動機調節歷程，探討內容包括國際志願服務助人者的情境因素、動機調節以及持續參與服務過程中遭遇的阻礙、困境，及志工豐富且獨特經歷之背後的意義與個人收穫與轉變。為探討大學生生命故事的軌跡和脈絡，本研究以助人行為及自我決定理論為基礎，採用質性研究，以深度訪談作為研究取向，邀請六位研究參與者，探究國際志願服務助人行為及動機調節的相關意涵。本研究主要結論如下。一、國際志願服務參與管道多元且重視「評估對方需求」、「行前訓練」及「彈性面對困難與挑戰」。二、助人行為決策歷程包含「主動觀察與同儕經驗」、「書籍與影像宣導」、「看見自己的責任」、「具備正確服務態度」及「評估語文與經濟能力」。三、助人行為情境因素包含「成長環境」、「家人認同度高」、「學校支持度高」、「偶像崇拜正面影響」以及「領導者的特質」。四、持續參與國際志願服務內在調節程度高。五、持續參與國際志願服務有助於個人生涯發展。本研究依據研究結論，針對大專院校、國際志願服務團隊及後續研究提出若干建議。

關鍵字

志願服務；助人行為；國際志願服務；基本心理需求；動機調節

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the motivation and helping behavior of the university students who were engaged in international volunteer service, and how the students influenced on their personal perspectives through ongoing participation in volunteer service. The study gathered data including descriptions of the frustrations and difficulties the students encountered during the process of their service, the unique experiences from the participation and their personal growths. In order to explore their background and individual experiences, the basis of this study used Helping Behavior and Self-Determination theory by assuming the qualitative research with in-depth interviews as a research approach. Through in-depth interviews from 6 participants, the researcher discovered the significant implications of the helping behavior and motivation of the international volunteer. The conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. The international volunteers participated in diverse ways, giving importance to assessing the needs of the other party, undergoing pre-training, and being prepared to face challenges and unforeseen difficulties. 2. The deciding process of helping behavior in including active observation and peer experience, books and video propaganda, perception of their responsibilities, possession the right attitude and assessment of language and financial capacities. 3. The factors influencing the candidates helping behavior including growth environment, family recognition, administration support, positive impact of celebrities and leadership qualities. 4. There will be continuation of their participation in international volunteering. 5. Participation in continuous international volunteer service contributes to the development of the students’ career. Based on the findings, recommendations to universities and volunteer service group, for further research were provided. .