法律華語教材設計-以越南新住民為教學對象

近年來，因婚姻而移民到台灣的新住民人口越來越多。新住民在融入社會的過程中必須面對各種不同的挑戰。研究者在台灣生活與服務越南新住民之過程發現除了克服語言與文化差異，生活法律知識也是新住民的學習需求之一。然而，專為其設計的法律學習資源目前仍十分匱乏，故此設計一本新住民法律華語教材為本論文之研究動機。本研究以在台生活的越南新住民關注的法律議題為主，再結合專業語言教材設計之基本理論，希望提供給新住民一本好用、易懂、貼近生活的專業華語教材。希望其有助於學習者提升語言技能，同時也能增加生活所需之法律知識。以越南新住民為對象，本研究首先採用調查研究法蒐集共130份有效問卷以了解其在台生活所需要學習的法律議題，作為法律華語教材之整體架構。接著採用文獻分析法，參考專業語言教學相關理論及現有的新住民華語教材以獲得法律華語教材之編寫原則，從而實際設計出架構中最受關注之三個主題的具體教材示例，並進行一課的示範教學。根據新住民的學習需求，再以「針對性」、「實用性」、「文化導入」及「趣味性」為編寫原則，本論文嘗試設計的新住民法律華語教材架構包括：「婚姻家庭篇」有七課：居留與定居相關法規、離婚、家庭暴力、監護權、繼承權、新住民父母赴台探親、親子共學；「工作篇」有三課：工作權益、契約糾紛、稅務相關法規；「生活篇」有兩課：醫療保險及交通規則；「人身安全篇」有三課：性侵害、性交易、販賣毒品，共15課。最後本研究也進行了學習需求最高—「工作權益」主題之實際示範教學，並獲得學習者高度肯定以及寶貴的修改建議。本研究提供給新住民一個實用的專業法律華語學習資源，也盼能對未來新住民專業華語教學的相關研究提供參考依據。後續除了可擴及研究對象為多元族群，也可以更進一步探討教材與教學法之關係以優化教材的學習成效。

關鍵字

法律華語；教材設計；越南新住民

並列摘要

In recent years, there has been an increasing number of new immigrants who have immigrated to Taiwan through marriage. New immigrants must face various challenges in the process of integrating into society. When living and assisting Vietnamese new immigrants in Taiwan, the researcher found that in addition to overcoming language and cultural differences, legal knowledge is also one of the learning needs of new immigrants. However, legal education resources for new immigrants are severely lacking. Therefore, design a Legal Chinese material for new immigrants has become an urgent need. This thesis develops teaching materials focusing on legal issues that the Vietnamese new immigrants living in Taiwan are concerned about, and looked into major theories of teaching language for specific purposes. The thesis aims to provide new immigrants with a professional legal Chinese teaching material that is easy to use, easy to understand, and close to real life. It is hoped that the teaching material can help learners improve their language skills and at the same time increase the legal knowledge they need in life. The research methods include need analysis and documentary analysis. First, the research collects a total of 130 valid questionnaires from Vietnamese new immigrants to investigate legal issues they encounter in Taiwan. The need analysis then provides the basis for the overall syllabus of the Legal Chinese teaching material. Furthermore, the thesis adopts documentary analysis method, looks into theories of professional language teaching, and analyzes extant Chinese teaching materials for new immigrants. Based on the above theories and analyses, the researcher produces a syllabus of legal Chinese for new immigrants, which includes four parts, totaling 15 lessons: Part I "Marriage and Family" has seven lessons: 1. Residence and settlement related laws and regulations, 2. Divorce, 3. Domestic violence, 4. Guardianship, 5. Inheritance rights, 6. New immigrants’ parents visiting relatives in Taiwan, and 7. Parent-child learning together; Part II "Employment" has three lessons: 8. Workers’ rights, 9. Contract disputes, and 10. Tax-related laws and regulations; Part III "Daily Life" has two lessons: 11. Medical insurance, and 12. Traffic rules; Part IV "Personal Safety" has three lessons: 13. Sexual assault, 14. Sex trafficking, and 15. Drug trafficking. Finally, this research also carried out a demonstration teaching session on the topic of "Workers’ Rights", which received high recognition and valuable suggestions for modification from learners. The research provides new immigrants with a practical and professional Legal Chinese learning resource, and hopes to serves as a reference for future research in the fields of teaching Chinese for specific purposes, as well as teaching Chinese for new immigrants from other countries. In addition to expanding the research objects to multiethnic, the relationship between teaching materials and teaching methods can also be further explored to optimize the learning effectiveness of material.