以自動化文本分析軟體評估創意寫作的可能性初探

本研究旨在探索利用自動化文本分析軟體評估創意寫作中創造力之可行性。探索的重點分別為:創意寫作中的創造力為何種型態、自動化文本分析是否能提供適合評估創意寫作創造力的指標、自動化文本分析的創造力評估是否適用於不同年齡階段的參與者。本研究採便利取樣，招募國中七、八年級自願者參與研究，一共進行兩階段測驗:第一階段包含新編創造思考測驗-竹筷子的不尋常用途、青少年版中文詞彙遠距聯想測驗、短版創意傾向量表;第二階段進行創意寫作。創意寫作的部分分別採用專家評分及LIWC字詞分析軟體進行指標分析。有效樣本共計191份。本研究結果顯示:第一、利用語文探索與字詞分析軟體評估創意寫作中的創造力時，雖然能預測創意寫作中部分的創造力，但目前仍無法直接取代人工評量;第二、創意寫作涉及的創造力思考歷程主要為頓悟性思考創造力，同時創意寫作的表現也可能會受到參與者對自我創造傾向的評價不同而有所影響;第三、利用自動化文本分析軟體評估創意寫作，可能因不同語言、語境、年齡而產生不同研究結果。目前相關研究仍屈指可數，也須更多數據來驗證此方法的可信度與有效性，因此期待本研究之實徵性證據能提供後續學者未來研究的參考依據。

關鍵字

自動化文本分析；語文探索與字詞計算；創意寫作

並列摘要

This article presents the results of an analysis of creative writing using the Linguistic Inventory and Word Count (LIWC) system of Pennebaker, Boyd, Jordan, and Blackburn (2015). The main purpose of the present study is to evaluate whether the indexes of LIWC from creative writing can predict human evaluations of the creativity of short stories. 191 participants were involved in the present study, mean age = 13.74. Participants performed the following task: Creative writing, Chinese version of alternate uses task, Chinese version of compound remote associates problems, Chinese version of creative behavior inventory. The results of the present study showed that particular indicators in LIWC predict the rubric scores from three independent raters. Also the constructs of divergent thinking, convergent thinking and the creative thinking were independent. Future works should continue to explore creativity through systematic assessments of creative writing. Also, it is necessary to take into consideration of language usage and development trajectory of creativity.