圖像化QR code結合動態遮罩應用於影片之技術探討

The aesthetic QR code combined with dynamic masks in videos

鄭晴方(Cheng Chin-Fang)

指導教授 ： 王希俊

國立臺灣師範大學/科技與工程學院/圖文傳播學系/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202101592

摘要

QR code在人們的日常生活中雖隨處可見，但大多用於平面影像，將影片結合QR code則相對少見。現今QR code應用於影片中的方式不甚美觀，將QR code直接覆蓋於影片中，不但會佔用畫面的一部分，更會阻擋閱聽人對影片內容的接收。為改善上述情形，本研究將三種不同內容之原始影片結合動態遮罩並進行羽化，利用資訊隱藏結合誤差擴散法之QR code植入技術，生成視覺更美觀的圖像化QR code，且調整圖像化QR code於影片中出現的時間；利用峰值信噪比 (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) 評估不同圖像化QR code出現時間以及不同遮罩變化速度對影片品質的影響，並藉由問卷調查動態遮罩是否影響閱聽人對於圖像化QR code之察覺；最後使用智慧型手機測試各個檔案之掃描解碼時間。實驗結果顯示，本研究成功提出影片結合動態遮罩並植入圖像化QR code，藉由遮罩改變與調整QR code出現時間，使QR code不會持續出現而干擾畫面，但仍可讓閱聽人知道畫面可進行掃描，且能夠使用一般智慧型手機穩定掃描解碼。由PSNR評估後可得知，本研究提出之影片品質仍保持在人眼可接受之範圍，問卷調查中得知遮罩能降低閱聽人對於QR code Finder Pattern的察覺。研究提供未來影片製作上有新的趨勢，並且能廣泛應用於電視節目、廣告、網站等各平台，進行商業加值應用。

關鍵字

二維條碼 ； QR code ； 圖像化QR code ； 資訊隱藏 ； 影片

並列摘要

Although QR code can be seen as still image everywhere in daily life, it is rare to combine video with QR code. Currently, QR code application to the video is not aesthetic because it is directly placed in the video and it not only blocks the screen but also hinders the access to information. In order to improve the situation, the original video in three different content is combined with the dynamic mask and feathered, and then the information hiding and error diffusion method are used to generate the aesthetic QR code, and adjusting the aesthetic QR code existing time. Evaluate the effect of aesthetic QR code's existing time and dynamic mask changing rate by PSNR. And the questionnaire was used to investigate whether the dynamic mask affected the audience's perception of the aesthetic QR code. Finally, the decoding rate is tested through the mobile phone. The results show that it is effective to combine the dynamic mask and embed the aesthetic QR code in videos produced in this study. By using different mask changing rates and adjusting the existing time of aesthetic QR code, it will not constantly appear to disturb the screen, but it still keeps the visual guidance of the QR code scannable, and it can be decoded stably by mobile phone. The quality of the videos produced in this study remains acceptable by PSNR evaluation, and according to the questionnaire survey, the dynamic mask can reduce the audience's perception of QR code Finder Pattern. We provide a new trend in future video production and can be widely used in TV programs, advertisements, websites, and so on for commercial value-added applications.

並列關鍵字

Two-dimensional barcode ； QR code ； Aesthetic QR code ； Information hiding ； Videos

參考文獻

Cui, H., Bian, H., Zhang, W., & Yu, N. (2019, April). Unseencode: Invisible on-screen

barcode with image-based extraction. In IEEE INFOCOM 2019-IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (pp. 1315-1323). IEEE.

Garateguy, G. J., Arce, G. R., Lau, D. L., & Villarreal, O. P. (2014). QR images:

optimized image embedding in QR codes. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 23(7), 2842-2853.

Huang, P. C., Li, Y. H., Chang, C. C., & Liu, Y. (2018). Efficient scheme for secret