以目標衝突理論探討員工個人特質、工作與社會互動的趨避衝突對居家工作績效之相關研究

Applying Goal Conflict Theory to Explore Employees’ Job Performance of Work-from-Home Predicted by Their Personalities and Approach-Avoidance in Work and Social Conflict

羅亭又(LUO Ting-You)

指導教授 ： 洪榮昭

國立臺灣師範大學/科技與工程學院/工業教育學系/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202201363

摘要

新型冠狀病毒肺炎 (COVID-19) 在全球快速蔓延，造成前所未有的世界性危機，大幅影響人們的日常生活，尤其是對身心健康與經濟的危害。因此各國政府大力推動以居家辦公替代實體辦公室工作，避免人與人之間密切接觸，以減緩疫情的影響。但是，大多數的工作者無法快速適應這樣的辦公模式，導致面對工作與社會互動所產生的趨避衝突兩難，會容易有不安和負面的情緒。 因此，本研究在 COVID-19 的背景下，將採用目標衝突理論作為研究框架，探討員工在工作與社會互動所產生的趨避衝突兩難為何，並反映不同人格特質的員工在家工作的績效。並透過滾雪球的抽樣調查，將蒐集到的221份有效問卷，進行驗證性因素分析與結構方程模型的研究。研究結果顯示：（1）外向性人格與疫情感染焦慮呈現負相關；（2）神經質人格與疫情感染焦慮呈現正相關；（3）疫情感染焦慮與工作中的趨避衝突呈現正相關；（4）疫情感染焦慮與社會互動中的趨避衝突呈現正相關；（5）工作中的趨避衝突與工作績效呈現負相關；（6）社會互動中的趨避衝突與工作績效呈現負相關。因此，本研究之結果可藉由排解工作者在居家辦公時所產生的趨避衝突，有效減緩工作者面對疫情感染所產生的焦慮，並獲得更好的工作績效。

關鍵字

新型冠狀病毒肺炎 ； 居家辦公 ； 目標衝突理論 ； 人格特質 ； 疫情感染焦慮 ； 工作績效

並列摘要

The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) has spread rapidly around the world, causing an unprecedented worldwide crisis, which affected people's daily life greatly, especially the harm to physical and mental health and the economy. Most companies have therefore actively promoted remote work in place of physical workspace to avoid close contact between people to reduce the negative impacts of the pandemic. In this case, most workers struggle to adapt to such a working model, which leads to experiencing approach-avoidance conflict in line with social and work interactions, and thus are prone to anxiety and negative emotions. Accordingly, this study aims to use goal conflict theory as the research framework, and explore the essence of the approach-avoidance conflict in social and work interactions on employees under the context of COVID-19. A total of 221 questionnaires were collected and carried out after data collection from snowball sampling and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model research were conducted. The research results show that: (1) Extraversion personality is negatively associated with pandemic infection anxiety; (2) Neurotic personality is positively associated with pandemic infection anxiety; (3) Pandemic infection anxiety is positively associated with approach-avoidance conflict at work; (4) Pandemic infection anxiety is positively associated with approach-avoidance conflict in social interaction; (5) Approach-avoidance conflict in work is negatively associated with job performance; (6) Approach-avoidance conflict in social interaction is negatively associated with job performance.

並列關鍵字

COVID-19 ； Work from home ； goal conflict theory ； personality ； anxiety in being infected ； job performance

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