影響退休金準備因素之研究

台灣目前創下了全球最低的生育率，更成為聯合國所定義的老人國，65歲以上人口佔整個社會人口7% 以上。在這樣的「高齡少子化」的情況下如何因應未來退休規劃？本研究旨在探討退休計畫對個人投資理財行為之影響，並採用問卷調查法，於2010年12月到2011年3月期間進行調查，以台灣地區26歲到55歲以上的民眾做為研究對象，問卷的有效樣本為1044人。本研究透過詢問受訪者個人之社會經濟背景、薪資待遇、個人對未來退休的期待與規劃、個人目前使用的理財工具及偏好，以及個人投資風險屬性之調查等資料，並加以彙整分析。在實證模型上，本研究利用「樣本選擇模型」 (Sample Selection Model)進行受訪者對未來退休金規劃所採用的方式之探討，主要著重於討論受訪者期望的退休金準備下，「預期退休金準備提撥」與「實際規劃退休金提撥」做差異分析，並考量受訪者風險屬性因子，進一步探討造成此一差異因子為何。另外針對「已經開始規劃退休金提撥」的受訪者中，從選擇理財工具的風險屬性分析，影響受訪者選擇此一理財工具的因子為何。最後探討已經開始規劃退休金受訪者，在退休金提撥時「預期所使用的理財工具」與「實際所使用的理財工具」是否有差異性且影響退休金造成此差異的因子為何。

關鍵字

退休金準備；風險屬性；理財工具；本選擇模型

並列摘要

This study aimed to investigate the retirement plan for the impact of personal finance and investment behavior by using questionnaire to collect the empirical samples during December 2010 to March 2011. The effective sample is 1044 people whose ages are more than 26 years to 55 years. This study asked respondents individual's socio-economic background, salary, personal expectations and future retirement planning, personal financial management tools currently in use and preferences, as well as personal investment risk property investigation and other information, and to be pooled analysis. It was used by Sample Selection Model in the empirical model to focus on the factors and the difference between “expect pension allowance charge” and “actual pension plan” under whether began to prepare the pension for retirement by the respondents. Also for the "individual pension plan has already begun," the respondents, the risk of financial tools from the selection attribute analysis impact of respondents chose this one factor why financial tools. Finally, we discuss the respondents have started a pension plan, when pension accounts "Expected uses financial instruments" and "actual use of financial instruments," are there differences and the impact of the pension factor causing this difference why.