e-GNSS 、e-GPS與中國北斗衛星即時相對定位於地籍測量之精度分析 –以104年度龍潭重測區為例

我國目前辦理地籍圖重測最重要的工作之一即控制點測量，以往傳統的控制測量採三角、三邊測量或精密導線測量，需有控制點與相鄰點位問之通視限制，且所需時間及人力相對較多，近年來由於GPS衛星定位測量技術日益純熟，尤其是RTK即時動態定位及VRS虛擬參考站衛星定位測量技術的測量方式擁有速度快、精度高、可全天候觀測。本實驗選擇選定104年桃園市龍潭區地籍圖重測區高平段為研究實驗區，研究地籍圖重測圖根及加密控制測量直接採用已加入改正數據的衛星定位接收儀運用內政部國土測繪中心的e-GNSS系統、民間森泰公司的Civil-NET e-GPS系統以即時動態定位方式施測之可能性。實驗方式係以e-GNSS、e-GPS即時動態衛星定位方式施測實驗區內選定之加密點與圖根點，並以目前先進之全星系(美國GPS、俄羅斯GLONASS與中國北斗BDS、歐盟、日本、印度…等)多頻接收儀以快速靜態測量方式共同檢測實驗範圍內部分控制點。上述定位成果與實驗區控制點已公告完成之法定TWD97坐標進行比較，初步結果發現事先輸入區域改正參數施測之e-GNSS及e-GPS系統檢測成果，在不另外進行坐標系統轉換坐標參數轉換的情形下，尚能達到內政部頒地籍測量實施規則第73條第1項第1款市地位置誤差2到6公分規定之精度標準；全星系多頻接收儀以快速靜態測量方式，因僅做單點定位，雖能同時接收美國GPS、俄羅斯GLONASS與中國北斗BDS信號，惟解算後只能輸出一組平均值坐標，參數轉換後亦超過內政部頒地籍測量實施規則第73條市地位置誤差2到6公分規定。本實驗可證明事先輸入區域改正參數施測之e-GNSS及e-GPS方式，均能用以進行地籍圖重測圖根加密控制測量，並能直接辦理土地複丈作業。

關鍵字

即時動態定位系統；虛擬參考站衛星定位；圖根加密控制測量

並列摘要

One of the most important work of Cadastral Resurveying is Traditional control point measurement, Control Surveying of traditional is by using survey triangulateration or Precision Traverse , but there's a restriction of Control Point and Adjacent points Visibility, and also it takes more time and human labour . Recently, because of the progress of GPS, especially RTK and VRS ,they have features such as HighSpeed, HighAccuracy and AllTime observation. Fourth order triangulation stations and supplementary control points in the 2015 Lung-Tang Cadastral Resurveying Area were observed and checked using coordinate transformation methods, such as seven-parameter and regional coordinate, etc. and use GPS receiver that added corrected data by using e-GNSS System from NLSC and CivilNET e-GPS System from Sokkia Ltd. to achieve RTK Survey. The experiment is by using e-GNSS and e-GPS Real-Time Kinematic to survey the assigned Topographical Densified Control Surveying, also use the most advanced( USA GPS, Russia GLONASS and China BeiDou DBS, EU, Japan, India... etc.)receiver by Rapid Static common detect part of Control Points in the experimental area. Comparing the positioning results abovementioned with experimental area control points coordinate TWD97 by Government, the preliminary results indicate the instrument that has been advance entered correction parameter, respectively use e-GNSS and e-GPS System to detect the results of control points without the correction of coordinate parameters, it still can conform the regulatory standard deviation 2~6 centimeters. MultiChannel receiver instrument even after FastStatic Survey, then progress 6-Parameters Conversion, the results still exceeded the standard of Government. This experiment proves that by using instruments that have been advance inputted correction parameters to use e-GNSS and e-GPS system, both of them can achieve the Control Points encryption control point survey of Cadastral Resurveying and for Land Surveying.