磷酸鋰鐵電池模組式串聯平衡充放電路之研製

本文旨在研究磷酸鋰鐵電池之特性並且運用於電池平衡電路之中。利用電容作為能量轉移的儲能元件，以套裝軟體(Psim)模擬串聯電池組之電量平衡，藉由串聯電池組實測平衡充電及放電，以探討磷酸鋰鐵電池充放電特性。本文首先採用套裝軟體(Psim)模擬串聯式及模組式電容切換平衡充電及放電電路，作為設計實體電路及控制法則驗證之依據，並利用數位信號處理器(dsp33FJ16GS504)為系統之控制核心，結合定電流及定電壓控制法，完成磷酸鋰鐵電池串聯平衡充電及放電電路實測，以縮短電池電能平衡時間。本文以降壓型直流截波器進行平衡充電實驗，分別以串聯式及模組式兩種模式進行實測，並以升壓型直流截波器進行放電實測，完成8顆10Ah磷酸鋰鐵電池串聯電池組之充電及放電電能平衡。依實測結果可知，模組式電能平衡結構其電路元件雖較多，但電池電能平衡時間卻可大幅縮短，此可應用於較多電池串聯平衡電路上，以提升電池的使用壽命。

關鍵字

磷酸鋰鐵電池；降壓型直流截波器；升壓型直流截波器

並列摘要

This thesis aims to study characteristics of lithium iron phosphate battery and applied to battery balancing circuit. The capacitors are used as storage elements for energy transfer. The Powersim (PSIM) software was adapted to simulate series battery bank for energy balance. From series battery bank charge and discharge experiments to verify balance charging and discharging characteristics. The Psim software was used to simulate the series and module two modes capacitor switching balance charge and discharge circuits for circuits design and control methods evaluation. A digital signal processor (dsp33FJ16GS504) was adapted to implement constant-current and constant-voltage charging control for lithium iron phosphate series battery balance charging and reducing the battery energy balance time. This thesis uses the buck DC chopper to accomplish series and modular two modes battery balance charging respectively, and uses boost DC chopper for discharge control. All the control algorithms are evaluated for eight 10Ah lithium iron phosphate battery bank series charging and discharging energy balanced. According to measured results, we can know that the modular structure needs more circuit elements, but the balancing time can be shortened. The module structure battery balancing method can be used for application of more series-connected batteries to increase the battery life.