銀行放款機制與企業融資需求相互最適條件之研究

本研究旨在探討銀行和小型、微型、微小型企業貸款的相對關係，銀行企金的5P授信評估，企業提供申貸的各種文件數據，都是促成雙方借貸關係是否成立的重要因素，並在兩者之間取得最適放款條件。　　本研究以桃園市中小型、微型、微小型企業為母體，採方便抽樣法，發放150份，有效問卷為122份，並以SPSS統計軟體進行分析，提出4項假設，藉此瞭解小型、微型、微小型企業在經營規模的資金需求中，銀行是否給予充分的融資授信額度。　　銀行偏好資訊透明度高的企業，負責人信用、道德操守評分愈高，愈能得到銀行青睞，本研究在銀行端區塊，除訪談銀行相關授信人員，並予問卷記錄，藉以明瞭銀行除5P授信評估外，其放款行為與企業的財務配置、財務管理、會計制度、企業願景，來往銀行關係建立及帳戶餘額的養成等，有否有實質相關。　　本文實證結果顯示企業普遍認為「銀行往來關係」、「公司價值」有助於提升貸款成功率；貸款時機部分「成為銀行爭取對象時」及「需要資金前3到6個月」做申貸準備均有助於提升貸款成功率。

關鍵字

企金授信評估；最適貸款條件；資訊透明；來往銀行關係建立；帳戶餘額養成

並列摘要

This study was investigated the relative relationship between the bank and the small and medium enterprises and micro-enterprises, by the bank’s 5P credit investigation and the loan application data of the company. Both of them are the determinants and optimum to obtain loans. To use as SMEs and micro-enterprises in Taoyuan City for the major adopted sampling survey.To provide 150 questionnaire and then to analyze the 120 within the 150 business questionnaire by SPSS, and to advance 3 sorts of hypotheses are learned about the SMEs and micro-enterprises in the business scale of funding needs and the banks are given sufficient financing facility. Banks prefer companies have high information transparency, the credit and high ethic of the in charge of. In addition to interviews those people of the credit investigation, they also record the questionnaire. By SPSS, this study is learned the bank’s 5P, loan, financial statement, financial management, accounting system, vision, the account balance and so on between the banks and the companies. Above all are whether the substance of the relevant. Result: The companies think “transparency deal with between the bank and the company” and “the valuable company” can extend loan. The opportune moment for loaning can promote as well, especially “the time that the bank look for their target” and “before three to six months that the company needs bankrolls”.