國中生臉書使用對人際關係之影響－以自我效能為中介變項及以情緒管理智能為干擾變項

本研究主要在討論國中生臉書交友情況對情緒管理與人際關係的影響。由於國中生臉書使用比例高，大部分臉書人際關係是現實人際關係的延伸，而且過去論文咸少討論臉書使用態度，因此本研究欲探討臉書使用程度、臉書交友自信心與真實人際關係之相關性，最後加入情緒管理智能探討其對上述相關性的干擾作用。研究目的為：(一)探討國中生臉書使用對真實人際關係的影響；(二)探討交友的自我效能是否會中介上述影響關係；(三)探討國中生的情緒管理對前二項影響關係的干擾效果；(四)根據研究結果，提出結論與建議，以供教育相關單位、教育工作者與後續研究之參考。採問卷調查為工具，共計回收有效問卷306份。本研究資料以結構方程模式之偏最小平方法(Partial Least Squares - Structral Equations Model, PLS-SEM)進行因果關係分析，並以SPSS20.0 中文視窗版進行配套資料整理及統計分析。研究結果顯示如下： 1. 臉書使用程度中「臉書使用時間」與促進「臉書自我效能」沒有顯著相關；而「臉書朋友數」與「臉書自我效能」呈現顯著相關，臉書朋友數越多，其臉書自我效能越高。 2. 學生的臉書自我效能愈好，則其真實交友關係也會愈好。臉書自我效能與真實人際關係是有正向相關的。 3. 研究結果中得到不論臉書使用的時間長短與臉書朋友數的多寡，與學生真實的人際關係皆沒有直接相關。 4. 臉書自我效能對於臉書使用程度與真實人際關係有部分中介效果。 5. 研究結果發現情緒管理中「覺察自我情緒」、「了解他人情緒」與「控制自我情緒」三種能力對於「臉書使用程度→臉書自我效能→真實人際關係」之關係路徑有干擾作用。

關鍵字

臉書；人際關係；情緒管理；自我效能

並列摘要

The study is to discuss how students’ Facebook usage behavior affects their self-efficacy on Facebook for junior high school students. Due to a high percentage of junior high school students are using Facebook, the interpersonal relationship on the Facebook is an extension of the one in real life. However, little has been discussed regarding the attitude of using Facebook. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the extent of the use of Facebook, the correlation of self-confidence in making friends on Facebook and real interpersonal relationships. The interference effect of the emotional management to the above-described correlation is examined. The objectives of the research are: (1)to understand how friendship on Facebook affects emotional management of junior high school students (2)to study how friendship on Facebook influences interpersonal relationship of junior high school students (3)to find out the connection between emotional management and interpersonal relationship of junior high school students (4)to offer findings and suggestions to education organizations and educators as a reference for the future research. The study uses questionnaire as a tool. 310 qestionnaires are distributed. 306 pieces are valid. The response rate is 98.7 %. The statistic software for data analysis includes SPSS 20.2 Chinese version and Smart Pls3.0. The findings of the study are listed as follows: 1. According to the results of the study, there is no obvious relationship between use time of Facebook and self-efficacy on Facebook. The correlation between the number of friends on Facebook and self-efficacy on Facebook is evidently significant. 2. The higher the self-efficacy on Facebook is, the better the interpersonal relationship in the real world will be. Tere is a positive correlation between them. 3. There is no direct correlation between self-efficacy on Facebook and time of using Facebook or the number of friends on Facebook. 4. The degree of self-efficacy on Facebook has some intermediary effect on the extent of using Facebook, and the real interpersonal relationship. 5. The research results found that among the emotional management, "emotional self-awareness," "recognizing others’emotions," and "emotional self-control" have the moderating effect on the relationship path of "the extent of using Facebook →FB self-efficacy →the real interpersonal relationship.”