微細發泡射出成型與射出壓縮成型製備改質聚丙烯添加石墨烯含量奈米複合材料之機械/發泡/電氣/熱性質

為了改善聚丙烯(PP)低溫韌性，脆折溫度高且易老化的性質，首先添加石墨烯(GP)作為增強材，並使用馬來酸酐(MA) 作為界面活性劑，使PP具有極性。經由混煉機混煉，製備出高分子奈米複合材料。本研究以改質聚丙烯(PPgMA)添加不同含量的石墨烯(Graphene, GP) 0、0.5、1、2、3、5、7 wt%，進行衝擊試驗、拉伸試驗、磨耗試驗、硬度試驗、電磁干擾試驗、導電性分析、X射線繞射分析、熱重損失分析、熱式差掃描卡量計、耐然試驗、熱傳導試驗，再由掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察發泡形態，以及穿透式電子顯微鏡觀察高分子分散情形。本研究是探討PPgMA/GP奈米複合材料的機械/發泡/電氣/熱等性質，研究以未發泡射出成型(IM)、未發泡射出壓縮成型(ICM)、微細發泡射出成型(FIM)與微細發泡射出壓縮成型(FICM)等四種不同製程，其中FIM與FICM是搭配超臨界流體產生器所生產，最後使用射出成型機製備出試片。研究結果顯示，衝擊強度會隨著GP的含量增加而增強，達到3wt%時最強；拉伸強度在GP的含量達到1wt%時最強。在熱重分析，隨著GP含量增加，複合材料的重量損失明顯變少，且裂解溫度會上升，在GP 5wt%時裂解溫度最高。在耐燃性的分析，隨著GP含量增加，複合材料的LOI會隨之提升。另外，複合材料隨著GP含量的增加，熱傳導係數與熱擴散係數皆會隨著增加，熱容則是減少。經由此一系列的研究可知，改質聚丙烯添加石墨烯可以大幅提升機械性質與熱性質。

關鍵字

改質聚丙烯；石墨烯；奈米複合材料；射出壓縮成型；微細發泡。

並列摘要

This study investigated the effects of graphene loading and polymer processing technique (Non-foam injection molding, microcellular injection, injection-compression molding, and foam injection molding) on the properties of Polypropylene/graphene nanocomposites. Graphene has attracted many attentions due to its remarkable electronic, thermal and mechanical properties. These unique properties make it promising for preparing multifunctional nanocomposites. The graphene was compounded with Polypropylene by twin-screw extruder into the master batch of 7 wt.%. Then it was diluted into 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 wt.%. The results showed that if the graphene loading was 1 wt.%, it has better mechanical properties than other loadings. Microcellular injection molding had better strength than that of non-foam molding. Degradation temperature increased with the increasing graphene loading on thermal properties. LOI increased if graphene loading increased. Electrical conductivity by non-foam injection molding has better value than that of injection-compression molding and foam injection-compression molding has the best EMI SE value on electrical properties.