- 學位論文
等待死亡：死刑犯不同監禁階段心理狀態之研究
Waiting for Death：A Study on the Psychological Mentality at Different Imprisonment Stages of Convicted Death Penalty Offenders
摘要
本研究主要是要探討死刑犯不同監禁階段之心理狀態，包括死刑犯的成長背景脈絡是否為影響其日後犯罪行為的重要因子，及對死亡的看法、對司法的期待、判定死刑定讞後其家庭成員的反應與支持與否，及對被害人是否存有懺悔之意等問題，深入探討死刑犯內心深處的期待與渴望，主要研究目的有三： （一） 探索死刑犯犯罪背景與犯罪行為相關的問題，如成長背景、家庭支持、犯罪紀錄等。 （二） 了解死刑犯在等待執行死刑期間不同監禁階段之心理狀態。 （三） 提供解決目前死刑判決而不盡速執行的參考。 本研究期望能藉由質性的深度訪談來進行研究，並蒐集文獻資料進行文件分析。研究者嘗試從目前正在等待執行死刑的40名死刑犯受刑人，藉由隨機抽樣選取適合本研究目的之個案，訪談對象為死刑定讞男性受刑人三名，訪談為不記名，順利取得監所單位及受刑人同意後，開始著手進行深度訪談。 研究發現，死刑定讞前：死刑犯的成長背景，如1、問題家庭、學習成就不彰等，影響其一生甚鉅。2、近朱者赤，近墨者黑，朋友、同儕，甚至獄友間的彼此學習，以致每況愈下。3、死刑犯普遍有「殺人者死」、「一命償一命」的傳統觀念。4、死刑犯多數認為自己罪不及死，對司法審判仍然有所期待，希望有一天能夠獲得改判。死刑定讞後：1、一致地相當後悔當初的犯行，也願意為自身行為負責任，接受任何判決。2、死刑犯多數希望能盡快執行，尋求解脫。3、死刑犯多數對司法審判的公平性存疑，對於判決結果覺得不服氣或不合理，希望台灣司法能夠做檢討與改善。等待執行中：1、死刑犯經過長時間的監禁後，更懂得反省檢討自己，對於被害人深感懺悔之心。2、死亡對於死刑犯來說，只是時間長短與方式不同，都已經做好了心理準備。3、家人的關心對死刑犯來說是目前心靈最大的安慰。4、死刑犯的最後心願，給家人、給被害人、給社會，需要受到各界更多的關注。 本研究建議：1、治標才能治本，從減少問題家庭開始。2、重塑家庭功能以減少成長的挫敗。3、死刑執行延宕多時失去死刑之意義。4、強化司法審判的嚴謹性。5、藉由教誨師輔導或宗教感化的力量以穩定死刑犯之情緒。6、尊重死刑犯的最後心願。
並列摘要
ABSTRACT Waiting for Death：A Study on the Psychological Mentality at Different Imprisonment Stages of Convicted Death Penalty Offenders by CHEN, YI-FAN September 2010 ADVISOR(S): Dr. SHEU, CHUEN-JIM DEPARTMENT:GRADUATE SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY MAJOR:CRIMINOLOGY DEGREE:MASTER OF ARTS The main purpose of this study is to explore the psychological condition of the capital prison’s experiences during each phase of imprisonment, including whether the background on the capital prison’s affects: future criminal behavior, capital prison’s though on death, their anticipation towards justice, capital prison’s family reaction to death sentence verdict, whether a capital prison regrets his/her action. Moreover, to look at the capital prison’s wish and desire in depth. The main purpose for this study includes: (1) Explore the capital prison’s criminal background and criminal behavior related questions. For example: growth background, family support, crime record, etc… (2) Understand the psychological phase the capital prison goes through when he/she awaits for the execution of death sentence in the prison. (3) Provide solution to not being able to prosecute death sentence after the announcement of verdict. This study expects to use qualitative in-depth interview to conduct research and collection of documentation to achieve document analysis. Out of the 40 capital prisons who await for execution, researcher randomly select 3 sample male who are suitable for this research case. After the agreement of the jail and capital prisons, research will start anonymous in-depth interview. Findings: Before the verdict: (1) Capital prison’s growth background: problematic family, little academic achievement, can affect his/her whole life. (2) Friends, peer, and inmates can affect each other to make situation worse. (3) The capital prison usually have traditional concept of “an eye for an eye” (4) Most capital prisons believe they don’t deserve death, therefore they possess anticipation for justice and hope the verdict will be overturn. After the verdict: (1) All capital prisons regret for the crime they have done. They are willing to take responsibility and accept any verdict. (2) Most capital prisons hope to be executed as soon as possible to seek relief. (3) Most capital prisons question the fairness of justice and believe the verdict is unreasonable hoping Taiwan can review and improve its justice. Waiting for execution: (1) After imprisonment for a long period of time, capital prison is more capable of self-examination and feel sorry for the victim. (2) The capital prison is ready for death, no matter when or how to die. (3) Family support gives capital prisons greatest spiritual comfort. (4) Capital prison’s last wish is to receive more attention from the society. Recommendation: (1) Reduce problematic family to deal with the root of problem. (2) Reconstruct family function to reduce growth related failure. (3) The significance of death sentence is lost when death sentence execution is delayed. (4) Strengthen the rigor of justice. (5) Have counselors guide or using religious power to stabilize the capital prison’s emotion. (6) Respect the capital prison’s last wish.