四庫館臣辨偽學研究

A Study of the Forgery-Discerning Efforts in The Compilation of Siku Quanshu

顏宇美(Yu-Zhen Yan)

指導教授 ： 楊果霖

國立臺北大學/人文學院/古典文獻學研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

《四庫全書總目》是清代前期辨偽學的總結之作，但學界討論不多且側重於辨偽方法的討論，無法全面呈現四庫館臣辨偽的成果。筆者希望藉由本論文的討論，彌補前人研究的不足，並喚起世人對館臣辨偽成就的重視。
　　本論文首先確定《總目》有七百筆辨偽書目，以此為據，對《總目》辨偽書藉的四部分類、時代、作偽程度、辨偽方法等方面進行分析，從而總結《總目》辨偽價值，缺失與影響。
　　在辨偽價值的部分，《總目》考辨偽藉的數量多、種類多、時代廣，為前代所未及，其辨偽方法多元且具學說架構，不少書籍首次的疑偽、辨偽開始於館臣。
　　在辨偽檢討部分，《總目》撰寫者眾多，彼此考證程度深淺不一，不免有敷衍門面、論證不足、考據失漏、缺乏新意等缺失。
　　整體而言，《總目》的辨偽成果對後世辨偽學產生廣泛而深刻的影響，作為最低限度的國學書目的《總目》，其潛移默化之深，無形中為二十世紀初的知識分子奠定紮實的辨偽基礎，促使辨偽思潮的再起。近代的辨偽專作、概論等著作，也多採用《總目》的辨偽成果與方法。

關鍵字

四庫館臣 ； 《四庫全書總目》 ； 辨偽學

並列摘要

The Zibu of the Si Ku Quan Shu was the summary of literature discrimination studies in early Qing Dynasty, however, there was only a little discussion in the academic circles which emphasized on the study of discrimination methods, and the accomplishment can not expressed by the contents of Si Ku Quan Shu. Therefore, the researcher hopes to arouse people to pay attention to the Si Ku Quan Shu through this study and enrich the previous studies.

First, this study defined that there were 700 items of bibliography of discrimination in the Zibu, analyzed the four categories, periods, degree of fake, ways of discrimination of the Zibu, and defined the values, defects, and influences of discrimination of Zibu.

In the part of discrimination, the Zibu discriminated the fake books a lot from numbers, species, and periods, and that exceeded the previous dynasties. The ways of discrimination were multiple, and were provided with academic framework. The first apocrypha and discrimination of many books were started from Quan Shu.

In the part of discrimination and review, there were many writers in Zibu. However, there were some faults in different degrees of research, which resulted in perfunctory appearances, lack of proof, missed evidences and lack of new ideas.

Overall, the accomplishment of discrimination in Zibu influenced deeply and widely in later literature discrimination studies. As the minimum of Sinology Bibliography, the reading rate the Zibu was subtle, which lay solid foundation of discrimination on the intellectuals virtually in the early 20th century, and that aroused the ideological trends of discrimination. Modern works and introduction of discrimination adopted the results and ways of discrimination from Zibu mostly.

並列關鍵字

Si Ku Quan Shu ； The Zibu of the Si Ku Quan Shu ； literature discrimination studies

參考文獻

古籍導讀　屈萬里　臺北　開明　1985年

古籍辨偽學　鄭良樹　臺北　學生書局　1986年

四庫提要訂誤　李裕民　北京　書目文獻出版社　1990年

《四庫全書總目》辨偽方法釋例　司馬朝軍　人文論叢　2004年　頁

參考書目