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  • 學位論文

三峽迎尪公祭典研究

The Study of Greeting Angkong Fiesta in Sanxia

指導教授 : 鄭志明
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摘要


三峽區內尚無一間主祀尪公的廟宇,大部分的尪公都是由外地迎請來祭拜的,過去祭祀尪公具有一庄接一庄的流動性,即使經過時間的演變,今日迎尪公祭典型態已有部分改變,但是迎尪公祭典在三峽區內仍是一年中重要的年度祭祀,尪公信仰的源起背景深具歷史與文化的內涵,若是能蒐集相關文獻與現今田野調查資料,整合後可作為三峽史料的參考。 本論文以福建家族的宗教信仰、臺北地區的尪公信仰、祭祀組織三方面的前人相關研究作為論文鋪陳內容的基礎,再輔以虎邱林氏家族的族譜及各地公簿內的文字紀錄,以及進行三峽地區相關人士的深入訪談來探討三峽地區的尪公祭典的發展與現況。 三峽地區迎尪公祭典依照其祭祀活動的運作模式可以分成兩類,第一類是以里或舊地名為單位,此類又可分成三種迎請尪公的方式,第一種是三峽清水祖師廟統一請尪公、第二種是獨立前往外地請尪公、第三種是在地尪公,三種皆為該地區的居民自發性組成祭祀組織負責年例的尪公祭典,大部分地區會選擇在農曆八月十五日舉行,同時以神明聖誕的名義來舉辦各項祭典活動。在祭典的運作上,各地都相當具有獨立性,祭典活動內容的變動也相當靈活。 第二類是以三峽地區的虎邱林氏家族從原鄉安溪縣攜來三峽的尪公,並且以里主尊王的名義來招集林姓共組神明會,會員在每年農曆二月二十八日舉辦的尪公祭典活動,三峽尪公會的組織規模雖然不大,但是可以看出一個地方家族如何在移民社會中組織親族,並且在北部地區建立彼此連繫網絡,尪公會的發展與運作可為一個見證移民族群歷史的範例。

並列摘要


There is no Angkong’s temple in Sanxia district, and majority of Angkong idols are greeted from outside. Residents had offered sacrifices to Angkong frome one village to another village. Even though greeting Angkong’s pattern have evolved as the time pass by, but Angkong fiesta is still an important yearly activity now. The sources of Angkong’faith are both historical and cultural intension. If I can collect related documents and investigat present situation, the integrated data could be Sanxia’s reference materials. The thesis is based on the faith of Fujian’s family, the Angkong’faith of Taibei area, and religious organization. Furthermore, the reference material would be required including of Huchiu Lin family’s pedigree of a clan, some public record, interview with related persons and so on. According to the pattern of Angkong’s fiesta in Sanxia, it could be divided into tow kinds. Furthermore , the first kind of Angkong’s fiesta in Sanxia could be also divided into three types by the method of greeting Angkong . The first type is the Angkong greeted from Sanxia Tsusze Temple , the second type is the Angkong greeted from outside , and the third type is the Angkong greeted from the village in Sanxia .This kind of activity is held by the residents who live in the same village. Majority of Angkong’s fiesta are held on August 15th in Lunar Calendar, and residents will prepare for every activities in the name of Angkong’s birthday on this day. On the operation of fiesta, each area is quite independent, and the activities of contents are changed with good flexibility. The second kind of Angkong’s fiesta in Sanxia is held by the Huchiu Lin family. Huchiu Lin family immigrated from their hometown Anxi county with Angkong. Then they gathered members whose first name are Lin, and Huchiu Lin family organized these persons into a Shenminghuei which is arranged in the named of lichutsunwang. These members will hold Angkong’s fiesta on February 28 each year. Although the scale of Shenminghuei is not very large, but it could be showed that a family is how to organize relatives in the immigrated society and establish interpersonal relationship. The development of Angkonghuei is a example of settlers’ history.

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