誠實與說謊受測者接受測謊測試時的心率變化

Heart Rate Change of Honest and Deceptive Subjects in Psychophysical Polygraph Test

温偉軍(Wei-Chun Wen)

指導教授 ： 林育聖

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/犯罪學研究所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

測謊員測前通常會蒐集受測者背景資料，並回顧前次測驗圖形，筆者自若干實案中發現「說謊的受測者心率會較前次誠實受測時增加」，因此欲以嚴謹的科學實驗方法驗證該假設，為現行測謊圖譜鑑判增加一項參考資訊，希能在不降低正確率前提下減少無法研判率。
本次測試招募66位受測者，藉虛擬之案情進行前測，取得各員誠實受測之心率，作為比較之基礎；嗣採抽籤方式簡單隨機分配，實驗組有32位，對照組有34位，採模擬竊案方式進行後測，以蒐集說謊（實驗組）及誠實（對照組）受測之心率。
經統計二組前、後測之心率變化，發現實驗組心率提高5.25次/分鐘，對照組心率則降低3.47次/分鐘，二組呈現顯著差異（p=0.000），復統計二組符合假設之人數均逾半數，藉雙重檢查確認該假設業已成立；此外，在統計測驗期間不同時段的心率變化，發現測驗一開始的心率，最能反映說謊或誠實受測時的情緒，建議測謊員參用該時段心率；另分析受測者自評前測與後測之壓力感受，前測時實驗組與對照組無顯著差異（p=0.869），後測時則有顯著差異（p=0.000），該壓力變化並與其受測心率變化成正比，顯示本次實驗中的說謊者已如實案中的說謊者，承受「謊言若被拆穿必遭懲罰」的心理壓力，驗證本次實驗情境控制良好，所獲結論具實務運用價值。
本文係以單一主題之緊張高點法進行測試，因此建議可供爾後單一主題測試之鑑判參考，惟運用前應先蒐集受測者誠實圖譜，因此對忠誠測試或性侵害監控測試較具實用價值，然而，此類監控型測謊若要持續正確有效，仍需其他機制配合。

關鍵字

說謊 ； 測謊 ； 心率變化

並列摘要

Before the psychophysical polygraph test examiners usually collect the background information of subjects, and review the charts of last times polygraph test. The writer found that ” the heart rate of deceptive Subjects became faster than the last times test while he was honest” from some field cases, so would like to test and verify the assume by a conscientious scientific experiment and method, to increase an information for examiners to make a correct decision in the polygraph test for chart analysis, and hope it can decrease inconclusive result reports.
There are 66 volunteers recruited to join this experiment, the pre-test was designed a fictitious case and all examinees are honest ,the examiner collected their pre-test heart rate to be the basic data to compared the post-test heart rate, then they cast lots for experimental group and control group in random, there are 32 examinees in experimental group and 34 examinees in control group. The post-test was designed a real case, the experimental group subjects were deceptive and the control group subjects were honest in the polygraph test.
According to statistical data of heart rate change of pre-test and post-test, the experimental group heart increased 5.25 beats per minute, but the control group heart decreased 3.47 beats per minute, it is significant difference between 2 groups（p=0.000）, the both amount of the experimental group and control group experiment result which conformed the assume are more than half, the assume has be proved by the two kind of information. Besides, it found the heart rate of test beginning is the best window to exhibit the subject emotion in polygraph test from counting different zone heart rate change, the writer recommends polygraph examiners to use that zone heart rate. At last to analyze examinee evaluate pressure vibration of pre-test and post-test mentioned, there is no significant difference between the experimental group and control group in pre-test pressure vibration（p=0.869）, but it is significant difference（p=0.000）in post-test, pressure vibration change and heart rate change are in direct proportion, it means the deceptive subjects in this test were under the psychology pressure of punishment if the lie was exposed just like field cases deceptive subjects, it verify the circumstances control is ideal and the experiment result is useful in field case.
The experiment of This thesis was took single issue peak of tension test, so the writer recommend the result could be used for single issue of psychophysical polygraph test, but examiners had better collected examinees polygraph test charts in truth situation, so it is more suitable for the personnel examination polygraph test and post conviction sex offender testing, however, if we wish these kind of polygraph test for monitoring subjects keeping working, it need another systems to support.

並列關鍵字

Deceptive ； Polygraph ； Heart Rate Change

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