基層員警面對群眾運動之執法壓力

Front-line Police Stress in the Handling of Public Protests

張修碩(HSIU-SHUO CHANG)

指導教授 ： 周愫嫻

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/犯罪學研究所/碩士(2015年)

摘要

本研究目的為分析基層員警處理群眾運動的主要壓力來源及其生理、心理與行為表現，且根據研究發現，提出事前發掘行為徵兆子我檢視因子，讓員警瞭解自身正處於壓力困惱，以強化執法效能。
文獻上多數研究顯示員警處理群眾運動壓力來源大抵可分為三面向，分別為群眾運動的本質、內在因素與外在因素，本研究依此設計訪談研究大綱，訪談現職派出所處理過百場以上群眾運動的員警，共5人。
研究主要發現基層員警面對群眾運動的執法壓力會產生以下反應：負面處理方式、員警差異性執法是因感受到執法壓力以及基層員警在執法上感受到的心理壓力癥候消退較慢。員警往往被認為是受過專業訓練的公務員，理當公正執法並依法行政，惟本研究發現一旦員警感受到壓力，執法行為將具有不穩定性。本研究也提出兩項建議：一、建立快速篩選機制表，員警可自行瞭解自己身心狀況，也讓現場指揮官事前掌握員警情緒與適任性。二、建立處理群眾運動之標準作業程序，將實務經驗的法制化。
關鍵字: 群眾運動、員警執法壓力

關鍵字

員警執法壓力 ； 群眾運動

並列摘要

The study analyzed the main sources of front-line police stress in the handling of public protests. Most literature show the stress of police officers in dealing with the public protests comes from three sources：the nature of the public protests , the psychological and the environmental factors. To examine how these factors/sources affect the police stress and behavior, the present study interviewed 5 senior police officers who each have handled at least 100 public protests in their career and made a systematic analysis on their transcripts.
The result indicates that stress faced by the front-line police would lead to an unstable law enforcing during protests (i.e. over reaction to the protesters, discretion of law enforcement) and trauma after the protests (i.e. negative emotions, long-term tiredness, insomnia). Furthermore, psychological stress is much more significant than other symptoms. Police officers are often considered to be professionally trained. They are expected to be fair on enforcing laws. However, the study shows that once police officers feel stressful in the handling of public protests, the reaction may be out of their own and their commanders’ control.
Two suggestions are recommended to improve the current situation. First , a simple stress screen tool should be developed to oversee police officers’ psychological status. By doing so, officers themselves and their commanders can re-arrange roles in the handling of public protests. Second, the hands-on experiences of handling public protests should be considered and regulated as part of the police standard operating procedure to avoid the gap between theory/knowledge and practice.
Key words : public protests , police stress in the handling of public protests

並列關鍵字

police stress in the handling of public protests ； public protests

參考文獻

藍采風（2003）。全方位壓力管理（初版）。臺北市：幼獅文化事業股份有限公司。

彭德富（Te-Fu Peng）、張真堯（Chen-Yao Chang（2010）。從人權觀點論集會遊行法的修正方向。朝陽學報，15，125-131。

French, J.R., & Kahn, R.L. （1982）. A programmatic approach to studying the industrial environment and mental health. Journal of Social Issue, 18, 1-47.

Blau, T（1989）. The police man lot is a happy one. Contemporary Psychology.

Cooper, C.L., Sloan, S.J.,& Williams, S.（1988）. Occupational stress indicator management guides. Windsor: NFER-Nelson.