有鑑於兒童虐待是一個嚴重的社會問題,及對兒童權利保護的重要性,也想進一步了解刑法中有關兒童保護的立法及其是否有落實,故撰寫本論文,主要在比較研究國內立法及他國法制有關兒童受虐的法律救濟途徑(以刑事法為主)、兒童於訴訟程序中作證可能遇到的議題、及國內法規是否有所不足或疏漏,並進而提出整理與建議。 從聯合國兒童權利公約為出發點,以兒童權利為中心,論述兒童權利與任何年齡的人所擁有之權利相同,當然包括免於疏忽與受虐之權利。以此為中心,主要探討我國刑法第286條凌虐未滿十六歲之人罪其構成要件、與他罪競合關係以及比較日本、德國、美國、中國之相關法制等,並與程序法作連結,探討兒童於訴訟中之地位-告訴人、自訴人以及證人所可能面臨之困境,包括兒童證人因年齡過小對於出庭作證恐有難度而證據能力是否應寬鬆認定,進而帶出兒童證人其特殊性及鑑定制度在訴訟中之必要性。期望上述法規與制度能夠盡早改善缺失,使兒童保護不論於法制面、制度面都能更加落實。
In regard to domestic violence, child abuse is a serious social problem. This study aimed at probing into the legislation of child protection in the Criminal Law and how to implement. This study discuss about the comparing legislation of child protection and with other countries’, and the problems which child testifying may face, and examination about Taiwan’s legislation and giving some advices. The Convention on the Rights of the Child to begin with, child and adult has the same rights, including the rights of keeping away from neglect and abuse. Under this thinking, this study discuss mainly about Criminal Law 286, and the relation between this article and others, and comparing with Japan, Germany, America, China. Also, this study discuss about the position of child in the proceeding (including plaintiff, witness). For example, it is difficult that testifying on the court for child. Therefore, it is a question that the standard of the admissibility of the evidence should be adjusted. These issues show characteristic: the particularity of child witness, and the necessity of the appraisal in the court. We expect the problem above-mentioned can be revised soon, so that child protection can be implemented in all aspects.