教師、學生及家長對體罰意見的調查研究

A Survey on the Opinions about Corporal Punishment by Teachers, Students and Parents

陳榮華(Yung-Hwa Chen) ； 盧欽銘(Ching-Ming Lu) ； 洪有義(Yu-Yih Hung) ； 陳李綢(Li-Cou Chen)

《教育心理學報》 13期 (1980/06) Pp. 57-73

https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.19800601.5

摘要

本研究目的有三：(1)調查吾國各級學校教師、學生及家長對體罰問題的看法；(2)探討目前各級學校教師及家長所採用之體罰方式及出現比率；及(3)比較歐美各國對於體罰問題的看法及實施辦法，並參酌本調查結果，研擬一套合理而可行的有關實施體罰的辦法，以提供教育行政當局修改有關法令的參考，藉以促進教育的正常功能。
本研究調查對象係為台灣地區某市各中小學廿所學校教師1073人，家長1111人及學生4582人。問卷分為教師用，家長用及學生用三種。三種問卷內容主要包括：[贊成實施體罰與否？」、「實施體罰次數如何？」、「贊成及慣用何種體罰方式？」、「實施體罰的理由何在？」、「實施體罰的效果如何？」等多項問題。
本調查結果顯示：1．大多數教師(91%)，家長(85%)，及學生(84%)認為只要不造成傷害，適當體罰是可以容許的。2．各佔90％以上的教師及家長都曾在不得已情況下實施過體罰。唯實施體罰的次數並不多。3．在認知上，多數教師，家長及學生都認為「勸導」方式最能糾正學生的不良行為。4．學生或子女受體罰的最大理由是由於表現不良行為。5．多數教師及家長認為政府明令禁止教師實施體罰，對於教師任教態度的最大影響是「使教師不再嚴格管教學生」。6．教師、家長及學生所贊成的體罰方式以「打手心」、「罰站」及「罰寫功課」為多。7．多數教師覺得體罰學生的心情是「很難過的」，和「平心靜氣」；而多數家長的心情是「很生氣」、「很難過的」。8．多數教師和家長在體罰學生或子女後，常感到「於心不忍」，其次為「已善盡管教的責任」。

並列摘要

The purposes of this study are threefold: (1)to find the views on corporal punishment by teachers, students and parents in this country; (2)to investigate the forms of corporal punishment presently taken by teachers and their respective percentage; (3)to compare and analyze the views of corporal punishment by the Western countries and their ways of practicing corporal punishment. And basing on such comparison coupled with the result of this survey, a plausible and practicable scheme in proposed for corporal punishment so that the government may have reference basis in amending the relevant rules and that the function of education may be promoted.
The subjects of this investigation are from twenty elementary and secondary schools of a city in Taiwan, including 1073 teachers; 1111 parents and 4582 students. Three sets of queitionnaires are provided, for teachers, parents and students respectively. The main items of these questionnaires are:(1)Favor or disfavor corporal punishment (2)The timing for practicing corporal punishment (3)The used of habitual forms of corporal punishment (4)The reasons for practicinng corporal punishment; and (5) The effects of corporal punishment.
The result of this investigation reveals:
1. Most teachers (91%), parents (85%) and students (84%) think that as long as no injury is inflicted, proper corporal punishment is permissible.
2. Parents and teachers, 90% respectively, admit that they have been forced to practice corporal punishment, though it is not a usual practice.
3. Cognitively most teachers, parents and students regard exhortation as the better way to correct students' misbehaviors.
4. The most salient reason for disciplining students or children is their misbehaviors.
5. Most teachers and parents think that if corporal punishment is prohibited by educational authorities, the obvious effect on the teachers' attitudes would be ”no more strict discipline on the students”
6. The most pervasive forms of corporal punishment suppoorted by teachers, parents and students are ”palm swatting” ”standing” and ”extra homework.”
7. Most teachers feel sad but calm when paddling students, but most parents feel very angry and very sad.
8. After paddling students, most teachers and parents feel themselves cruel, but some feel they have done their duty in discipline.