本文主要採取研究方法為文獻及司法實務判決分析法,除蒐集與本研究議題相關的學說、文獻外,亦就現行司法實務上關於違反銀行法案件之判決加以整理、歸納及分析,並藉此作為本文議題提出之探討,另外,為探求此種非法吸收資金犯罪行為之緣起,需先循著銀行法新、舊條文規範之修正沿革,藉以了解銀行法對於非法吸收資金行為規範適用之演變;並透過司法實務判決的蒐集與整理,就相關規範於實際個案下之適用及解釋。 再者,透過現行司法實務上就銀行法非法吸收存款規範於具體個案上之適用,所產生之問題及爭點分別論述,並提出上開法律規範於現行司法審判程序上適用之疑義,再提出本文之見解,以期待將來能有較為妥適之解決方向,以利整體法規範適用之完備,並間顧到被害人保護之目的。 第一章為本文選非法吸收存款為本次論文題目之研究動機、目的,並敘明本文之研究方法及各章、節排列之架構說明。 第二章為介紹「非法吸收存款」於我國現行銀行法之法律適用,並將相關立法歷程及法律修正原因作簡單說明。 第三章乃就銀行法關於「非法吸收存款」之保護法益、構成要件規定作闡釋,分列銀行法第5條之1、第29條及第29條之1規範之範疇,並提出銀行法第5條之1與同法第29條之1適用上之疑義、「犯罪所得」之認定,並論及違反銀行法非法吸收存款規定時,於進行法院刑事審判程序時,是否得於刑事程序中附帶提起民事訴訟之問題做探討,並提出現行實務上見解之質疑。最後並提出比較法上就非法吸收存款之法律適用,而中國大陸因近年來多起同樣手法之犯罪興起,因此也制定許多相關法規;另外美國法上則係以證券交易法之規定作為非法吸收存款犯罪之適用。 第四章則針對現行司法實務上常見之非法吸收存款犯罪類型分門別類,並提出具體個案判決,並就判決整理、分析及比較,而與本文所提現行銀行法適用上之疑義相互呼應,並作為本文論點提出之佐證。 第五章結論則係綜合前述各章節之意見,提出本文認為現行銀行法之適用上確實有值得改進之處,並提出個人淺見,以利將來違反銀行法案件之法律適用更為周全。
In recent years, individual or underground investment companies raise fund under the guise of various names. Actually they are in the way of operating a Ponzi scheme using high interest rate or rewards to attract investments, and claim that their profits are from other investments. They pay returns to previous investors from new capital paid to the operators by new investors, rather than from investments. Once individual or underground investment companies can not attract new investors to fund, they are unable to pay the high interest and rewards to the investors. They are likely to face bankruptcy, and this situation maybe result in the loss of many investors and is adverse to the development of the social economy . Unauthorized Fund-Raising is regulated in Article 29 and 125 of the Banking Act in Taiwan, and the term Accepting Deposits is defined in Article 5-1 and 29-1. However,the current judicial practice in the relevant laws causes problems and is contrary to the legislative purposes. This thesis is based on the characteristic of Unauthorized Fund-Raising, reviews the elements in the relevant laws, and brings up the current judicial practice cases to prove. The author hopes to propose different opinions to improve the application of law and implement the Banking Act’s legislative purposes of protecting the interests of depositors and maintaining financial order.