不同家庭狀況下高中職學生偏差行為及其影響因素之研究－以TEPS資料庫為例

Potential factors associated with deviant behaviors for students in senior and vocational high schools among different family situations - an empirical study on Taiwan Education Panel Survey

許育銘(Yu-Ming Hsu)

指導教授 ： 黃怡婷

國立臺北大學/商學院/統計學系/碩士(2011年)

摘要

近年來青少年校園暴力與偏差行為事件發生頻率有逐年急速增加的趨勢，而其中尤以高中職學生最為嚴重，故本研究主要目的在探討不同家庭狀況下的高中職學生其各類型偏差行為的重要影響因素為何，並希望藉由研究結果以提供家長、老師或學校在學生輔導管教上之參考。
本研究以「台灣教育長期追蹤資料庫」（Taiwan Education Panel Survey，簡稱TEPS）之2001年第一波釋出高中職學生問卷為研究樣本，原始資料共13,319筆。利用因素分析決定衡量偏差行為的三個構面，分別為外向性偏差行為、內向性偏差行為、學生學業適應問題以及相關因子構面，並以因素負荷量做加權計分後，利用獨立樣本t檢定、變異數分析、Pearson相關係數及複迴歸模型等統計方法進行資料分析處理，其中遺失值比例較高的題項使用多重插補法來處理。
本研究發現：父母同住與否之家庭狀況顯著影響高中職學生之外向性偏差行為及內向性偏差行為與其他關聯變數之間的關係。無論是否與父母同住，性別、生活壓力、同儕依附關係、師生關係均與三個偏差行為有顯著相關，但若與父母同住時，
影響三個偏差行為的原因還包含學制、生理困擾、校園環境。
對於降低高中職學生偏差行為之方式：應鼓勵學生在承受生活壓力或遭遇被害經驗時，勇於尋求專業協助，並教育學生養成正確的自我價值認知與培養正當休閒習慣；父母則應努力維繫家庭的完整性並盡量參與親職活動，讓子女確實感受到父母雙方的關懷支持，同時應留意子女的交友狀況，鼓勵子女適度發展正常的同儕關係並遠離有偏差行為的同儕；學校、老師應主動與家長聯繫合作，共同防制學生偏差行為發生，並應致力打造一個消除霸凌、和諧安全的友善校園。

關鍵字

偏差行為 ； 家庭狀況 ； 台灣教育長期追蹤資料庫 ； 多重插補法 ； 複迴歸模型

並列摘要

The campus violence and juvenile deviant behavior were deteriorating in recent years, especially for students in the senior and vocational high schools. This study aims to investigate the potential factors associated with these behaviors among different family situations, and hope that the result can help provide appropriate counseling guidance for parents, teachers or schools’ administrators.
This study was based on the students from the senior and vocational high school students in Taiwan collected by the Taiwan Education Panel Survey. The factor analysis was used to determine the three different aspects for measuring deviant behavior and associated factors, and the factor loadings were used to compute the scores. The two independent sample t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were implemented to understand the association between different deviant aspects and potential factors. In particular, the multiple imputation was used to impute the variables that have high missing proportion.
The study shows that whether the students live with both parents affects the association of student’s external deviant behavior and internal deviant behavior significantly with other factors. Factors that are statistically significantly associated with all deviant behavior aspects include gender, living stress, influence from peers and relationship between teachers and students. For students who live with parents, the three deviant behavior aspects are also statistically associated with the school type, physiological confusion and campus environment.
The ways to decrease deviant behavior for students from senior and vocational high school students are following. Students shall seek professional assistance when they are under living stress or who are victims of campus violence. Furthermore, students shall develop positive self-worth cognition and proper leisure habits. Parents should strive to maintain the integrity of the family and try to participate in their schools’ activities, so that their children can feel their concern and support positively. At the same time, parents should pay more attention to their children's friends, and encourage them to maintain an appropriate relationship among their friends and to keep distance from friends who have deviant behaviors. Schools’ administrators and teachers shall initiate some proper contact and cooperate with parents frequently to prevent students having deviant behavior and also dedicate their time to develop harmonious, safe and friendly campuses to reduce campus violence.

並列關鍵字

Deviant behavior ； Family situation ； Multiple imputation ； Multiple linear regression ； Taiwan Education Panel Survey

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