- 學位論文
網際網路發展對國家能力的影響：以台灣網路交易為例
The Development of Internet and State Capacity in Taiwan: The Case of Cybertrade in Taiwan.
摘要
近年來由於網際網路的快速發展，網際網路所引領的資訊革命對於人類社會生活造成了深刻的影響，幾乎涉及了人類生活的各個面向，在其中廣泛的包含了人類的經濟行為(如交易模式等)、社會行為(如溝通型式等)以及政治行為(如選舉操作等)。然而，資訊革命所帶來的變動程度至今還是難以預料的，也未有人能斷言資訊革命將會帶給人類何種根本上的改變，網際網路議題轉瞬間成為了學術研究的處女地，眾多網路議題在商學界、法律學界，以及社會科學界引發熱烈的討論。 在此波網路議題研究的浪潮中，政治學界自然也沒有被排除在外，而其中相關的討論主要透過三個議題領域進行開展。首先，在純粹政治學領域中，佔據主流的是一工具論的觀點，焦點則聚焦於民主及制度的改革之上。其次，是以國際關係學者所領導的全球化議題，在其超國家的視野下，其論述的核心主要聚焦於網際網路工具對於國家的威脅。最後，則是以公共行政學者所引領的網路「治理工具」等相關論述，相關討論主要是透過一個工具性的視野來論述網際網路所能提供的制度變革以及效率提升的可能性。 在前述的研究之中，無論是國際關係學者的超國家層次的視野，亦或是公共行政學者以及政治理論學者所採取的工具性的分析層次，往往都在欠缺對網際網路通盤的理解下，進行目的論的以及化約論式的推論，並且忽略了國家在相關政治過程中所扮演的角色。為彌補上述研究的缺陷，本研究所嘗試的便是在釐清網路社會背景系之後，納入國家的觀察角度，以補足國關學者宏觀層次以及公行學者微觀層次在分析上的空缺。為了捕捉網際網路對於國家造成衝擊的圖像，本研究選取「國家能力」做為主要的觀察指標。最後，在成本的考量下，為有效的達成觀察與分析，本研究將以台灣的「網路交易」過程中相關行為者的互動做為分析的起點。
並列摘要
In recent years, there has been a dramatic proliferation of research concerned with the Internet issues. With the continuing development of Internet and increasing consideration of society, Internet researches also have become more critical in the field of political science. The current researches of Internet in political science have three major focuses. First, it’s an instrumental discussion about the possibility if internet can solve the inefficiency of modern democracy. Second, there’s also an instrumental viewpoint claimed by academics in public administration. The core of their discussion focuses on the promotion of efficiency in the governing process. Third, in the field of international relationship, there is a widespread common consensus about that Internet, as the funeral bell, will destroy the border between states. Though these three categories of discussions have been described in their literature to catch their multidimensionality, as all other academic research in the early stage, those discussions still have some imperfections about lacking of sufficient understanding toward Internet issues. Therefore, critics can easily constitute powerful attacks on their teleological and reductive theories. Most of all, little literature has been done on the role of state in the process of Internet’s development, and the dismissed state role will be the main threat to those researches. According to history of Internet, it can be easily found that state played an important part of Internet’s development. Besides the role of state, other actors like technological elites and normal Internet users are also excluded from the dynamical picture. In light of these concerns, the purpose of this dissertation is to describe major actors’ interaction under the development of Internet to overcome these shortcomings of existing researches, especially on the role of state. For these objectives to be achieved, the dissertation is structured as follows. The first section deals with indicators to observation of state, and the “state capacity” is the chosen approach to do so. After which research approach is presented, the next step of the dissertation is using broad review of the literature to capture the role of state in the development of Internet as possible. Finally, the dissertation will use the indicators of state capacity to observe and interpret the case of cybertrade in Taiwan.