居家照顧服務員的工作壓力及其影響因素之研究

A Study on the Affected Factors of Job stress for Home Care Workers

林家淯(Jia-Yu Lin)

指導教授 ： 曾敏傑

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/社會工作學系/碩士(2012年)

摘要

因人口快速老化及失能人口遽增，為了減輕家庭照顧者的壓力，且提供適宜老人及身心障礙
者的生活環境，居家照顧服務已成為相當重要的服務方案，但執行服務的居家照顧服務員因服務所
形成的壓力卻鮮少被關注，因此本研究參考過去相關研究發現，形成本研究架構，旨在探討居家照
顧服務員個人屬性、專業背景、機構因素、個案因素對工作壓力的影響。

研究採量化統計分析方法，運用SPSS12.0版套裝軟體進行分析，本研究主要以新北市居家照顧
服務員為研究對象，透過立意抽樣方式發放430份問卷，有效問卷回收率為80%。

研究結果發現，工作壓力面向中以「工作本身」分數最高，其次為「知識技術」、「工作環境」、「家庭工作平衡」、「人際關係」及「管理結構」，本研究亦發現，居家照顧服務員會因年齡、子女數、
教育程度、在職訓練時數、工作時數、督導支持、機構屬性、案主關係的不同而有所差異。居家照顧服務員的年齡、在職訓練時數、督導支持、機構屬性之財團宗教組織、服務對象之身心障礙者、案主關係、服務項目數之16~20項可以預測整體工作壓力。

最後，再依據本研究的結果或發現，依據上述研究發現，提供有關單位相關建議，藉此降低
居家照顧服務員之工作壓力，以留住優秀人才，落實「在地老化」的長期照顧政策，進而對照顧品質提昇有所貢獻。最後，闡述本研究之研究限制與未來研究建議。

關鍵字

居家照顧服務,工作壓力,個人屬性,專業背景,組織因素,個案因素

並列摘要

The number and proportion of elderly shows significant growth. And the rapid increase in the disabled population. In order to decrease the pressure of their caregiver and provide a convenience surroundings to elders and disabilities, home care service has been become an important program. However, the job stress of home care workers has merely been explored. The research structure is based on reference the previous study. The aim of this research is to discuss the effect of personal factors, professional background, organizational characteristic, client characteristic to job stress on home care workers.

The research method is questionnaire survey. The investigating data was analyzed by SPSS 12.0 and the targets were the home care workers in New Taipei City. The samples were decided to be proceeding by purpose sampling. There are 430 questionnaires and distributed with 343 replies. the response rate is 80％.

In terms of the work stressor, most of them pointed that “work itself” and “Knowledge and technology” were the main source of stress. The result shows that home care workers’ job stress differed from age, number of children, educate, job training, working hours, supervisor’s support, institutional property, relationship of clients. Predict variable indicated that the whole job stress could be predicted by the supervisor`s support, age, job training, institutional property of religious organization, target client of disabilities, relationship of clients, and service quantity between sixteen and twenty.

According to above research finding, the paper provides some suggestion about home care organization. Further to decrease the job stress of home care workers and achieve continually improvement on home care service. Finally, the limitation on this study and some suggestions for further research will be mention in the paper.

並列關鍵字

home care service, job stress, personal factors, professional background, organizational characteristic, client characteristic

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