- 學位論文
測謊於安全查核上之運用－以從事國家安全工作人員為例
The use of polygraph in the selection of national security personne
摘要
近年來，國內外陸續發生許多政府機構人員洩密危安事件，其中以美國聯邦調查局（FBI）在2001年發生資深調查員Hanssen替俄國從事間諜工作被捕消息，最令人震撼，自此，許多國家公務機構積極加強人員安全查核工作，並以「測謊」作為安全查核手段之一，冀發現潛存危安顧慮於萌芽之初，達到「早期發現，早期治療」的作用，防範洩密事件對機構內部、國防安全造成傷害及威脅。 我國自94年2月頒布「國家情報工作法」以來，有關從事國家安全工作之單位亦以該法第28條規定，使用「測謊」對人員進行「安全查核」工作，本人研究動機即係想瞭解「測謊」在安全查核上能發揮之效能？並以探討該等人員安全查核重點、面臨困境及可資策進方向等，彙整出適用於從事國家安全事務人員安全查核之具體作為與建議為主要研究目的。本研究採用文獻回顧比較法，透由翻閱國內外相關論文、期刊資料，據以研擬訪談大網，對曾經從事參與國家安全事務之已退高階幹部1位及實務界具測謊專業研究人士2位，就「測謊」在安全查核上運用之整體觀念進行深度訪談。 研究結論發現：1.人員忠誠度係最難考核2.「測謊」在安全查核上具有揭露（disclosure）、嚇阻（deterrence）及偵測（detection）等3D效果3.測謊準確率繫於測謊員專業與單位支持4.相關法令不實，易造成安全查核工作無法落實。並提出1.安全查核宜有明確查核期限2.持續完善測謊技術發展3.重視安全查核工作重要性4.運用其他工具輔助安全查核等4項建議。為求該研究完整深入實際運用情形及可資研究事實，提出未來研究方向，包括：1.擴大樣本，使分析更具說服力2.就學者、安全查核人員及測謊專家意見，進行縝密分析比對3.深入主題進行切入，獲不同因子分析結果。
並列摘要
Recent years have witnessed a number of incidents regarding confidentiality of government secrets that may have involved key government officials. One ostensibly scandalous instance was that Hanssen, a senior FBI agent, was arrested in 2001 for spying for Russia. Many government sectors worldwide have since then tightened the work of personnel security check—such as polygraph for instance—to assure early detection of potential security concerns and prevent damages and threats as a result of disclosure of security information especially of specific agencies and military nature. The work of security check—i.e. polygraph—has been conducted by national security agencies in Taiwan pursuant to Article XXVIII of National Intelligence Law promulgated in February, 2005. The paper is seeking to probe the effect of polygraph as a measure of security check and examine the key factors of personnel security, possible quandary, and feasible improvement strategies, hoping to organize concrete conducts and propositions regarding security check applicable to agents engaged in national security. Based on comparative literature review, the study scans domestic and international papers and journals, which are used to forge an outline for interview with a former senior official involved in national security and 2 polygraph professionals on the general application of polygraph to security check. The experiment yields that a) the most difficult evaluation task is the degree of loyalty; b) polygraph is capable of achieving the “3D effects”(disclosure, deterrence, and detection) with regard to security check; c) the accuracy of polygraph results depends highly on the expertise of the polygraph administrator and unit supports; and d) the work of security check cannot be smoothly executed as a result of insufficient norms and laws. It also suggests that security check must have a specific deadline and focus on the development of polygraph techniques with accentuation on the inevitability of security check and application of supporting tools. For more comprehensive in-depth analysis of practical application and research, the paper concludes with three directions for future studies, including expanding samples to increase credibility of analysis and conduct meticulous comparative analysis on perspectives of scholars, security check professionals, and polygraph specialists, looking deep into the subject matter for various results.