我國早期基於國家安全以及政治上之考量,規定前往投資者須利用境外地區或國家,於該地成立公司或轉匯之方式,始得投資大陸地區,造成早期為國家安全所制定之法規,質變為鼓勵我國投資者多加利用租稅天堂。我國近年的金融弊案中,皆有利用租稅天堂之軌跡存在。實務上亦常有利用境外公司向銀行借款,本文嘗試討論如何能藉由取得境外公司股權,以掌握企業在大陸地區具實際價值部分,提高債權受償的可能性,希冀能提出以合理可行的境外公司股權質押模式以因應目前兩岸投資現況。 本文提出我國企業利用境外公司,再以該境外公司名義,投資大陸地區公司之假設模型,以我國公司所實際掌握之境外公司股權設質作為擔保,可能會面對的相關法律問題,作為研究方法。嘗試分析並提出該模型實際運作可能性,以期達到靈活運用境外公司、保障母公司股東及債權人權益並減少金融弊案的目的。 依前述之研究範圍及方法,本文第二章藉由案例及歷史法規分析,進而提出間接投資模型下股權質押模式;第三章先針對境外公司、租稅天堂、境外金融中心、國際金融業務分行等名詞,以及境外公司較常見的5種運作模式,作概念性地定義及介紹,以期讀者能更全面性地了解租稅天堂及境外公司的自由度及多元性;第四章本文先討論境外公司於我國定位,以及股權質押模式運作可能面對的法律問題,再以該等法律問題引出準據法選擇以及法律規避問題之討論。最後則藉由英屬維京群島及香港法律規定,而加以印證股權質押模式實際運作之可能性。並嘗試提出本文之建議。
In Early stage, Taiwan government prohibited Taiwan investors directly investing in China for the policy and national security consideration, Taiwan investors only can invest in china through offshore company or overseas account. As a result of that, the investors have used to utilize tax haven to invest in china until now, and investors also used to let its overseas subsidiary as debtor to get loans. More than that, offshore company has become a criminal instrument in the recent financial crime. Because of mentioned above, this study presents the model that the companies in Taiwan utilize offshore companies to invest in china and put offshore companies’ shares in pledge for getting finance (hereinafter referred as “share pledge model”)for protecting the shareholders and creditors of the company in Taiwan and reducing the utilization of offshore company in financial crime. The content of chapter 2 is case study and historical regulation analysis, and then draws the “share pledge model”. In chapter 3, the writer try to let readers understand the flexibility and diversity of tax haven and offshore company by explaining the definition of offshore company, tax haven, offshore financial central and OBU, and introducing 5 operation models of offshore company. Chapter 4 focus on the legal issues of the “share pledge model” and substantiates the “share pledge model” by study regulations in Virgin island and Hong Kong. Chapter 6 is conclusion and suggestion.