本研究的主要目的乃是,試圖找出國內非政府組織的對外援助策略,並且探究非政府組織與理論之間的關係。本研究採取質化的研究方法,透過深度訪談以及文獻分析的方式進行探討,先從國際層面開始探討非政府組織的特性與其國際援助的歷程,再針對我國非政府組織進行研究,以瞭解我國非政府組織在國際援助的領域中,是扮演怎樣的角色與提供何種功能,以及國際援助策略為何等問題,並瞭解非政府組織為何可以不斷深化其援助事務,並且擴大其援助事項之原因。 針對我國非政府組織在對外援助事務的策略探討,於本研究有以下幾個面向的發現: 一、非政府組織的資源面: 非政府組織的國際援助經費,多源自於民間社會;非政府組織的援助能力並不足夠;非政府組織需要政府適時的從旁協助,尤其在資源補助機制的建立上較具需求;政府可能會藉由法規對非政府組織進行不必要的干預。 二、我國非政府組織與本國政府間互動面: 政府與非政府組織雙方具互補性關係,並呈現既競爭又合作的情況;非政府組織在與政府互動時,強調組織自身的獨立性與自主性;互動策略的實質內容,是一種策略性的選擇方式;非政府組織與政府之間的互動困難,需視組織的不同而定;我國非政府組織與我國政府之間的合夥關係,是否真已建立起,值得懷疑。 三、非政府組織的國際援助參與面: 非政府組織於國際援助的事務中,其策略存在性質上的區別與差異,並不存在一致性;援助時程的長短不影響組織是否存有援助策略;重視與受援國建立良好關係;我國政府在國際事務中,仍具有其必要的角色與功能。 四、組織理念與援助計畫的執行面: 非政府組織對於使命與價值觀相當堅持;國際援助計劃的擬定與執行並不具一致性。 五、我國非政府組織的援外策略面: 我國非政府組織針對資源取得之部分,稱不上是策略;我國非政府組織與本國政府於互動上並無顯著的策略存在;整體而言,我國非政府組織並無一致或原則性的國際援助策略;非政府組織共同堅守各自的價值與使命;在援助計畫的執行與擬定上,依照組織本身的性質差異、援助對象以及援助範圍的不同,而產生不同模式,稱不上是策略。
The main purpose of this research is to try to find a foreign aid strategy for NGOs in Taiwan, to explore the relationship between theory and NGOs. This research uses qualitative methods including in-depth interviews and literature analysis to discuss the reason why NGOs can deepen its international assistance affairs, and to help people understand the role of NGOs in the foreign aid area, as well as what the foreign aid strategies are. Focusing the discussion on the strategy of foreign aid affairs of Taiwan’s NGOs, the following contents show the dimensions that this research had discovered: 1.The dimension of NGOs resources: Most of the NGOs’ international aid funds are from civil society; most NGOs do not have enough capacity for foreign aid; NGOs need government to give timely assistance, especially in establishing the resource subsidy mechanism; the government would maybe take advantage of the law enactment to intervene with NGOs’ foreign aid affairs. 2.The dimension of interaction between NGOs and the government in Taiwan: NGOs and government is complementary in foreign aid area, they compete and cooperate with each other at the same time; when NGOs interact with government, they emphasize the importance of their interdependency and autonomy; the substantive content of the interactive strategies between NGOs and government are strategic choice approach; the difficulty of interaction between NGOs and government, depends on the different traits of both organizations; it is doubtful whether the partnership relationship between NGOs and government in foreign assistance was established. 3.The dimension of international participation in foreign assistance: In the foreign aid affairs, NGOs do not have a common foreign aid strategy. Obviously, NGOs have their differences and diversities between each other; whether or not NGOs spent time on foreign assistance have nothing to do with NGOs having any assistance strategies; NGOs show high regards to establish a partnership relationship with the recipients; Taiwan government plays an important role and provides some necessary function in the international affairs. 4.The dimension of NGOs’ philosophy and the implementation of assistance program: NGOs persist in their values and missions; the developments of international aid plan and implementations are not consistent. 5.The dimension of NGOs’ foreign assistance strategies in Taiwan: The ways that NGOs obtain resources, could not be regarded as strategies; the interaction between NGOs and government, do not have significant strategies; overall, Taiwan NGOs have no consistent and common strategies for foreign aid; all of the NGOs adhere to their own values and mission; and according to their features and differences, NGOs have different assistance targets, a wide program range and implementation methods, which produce different patterns and models, but each of them could not be regard as a strategy.