清乾嘉時期藏書家與學者關係之一考察
－以黃丕烈及其學術知交為例

論文提要清代乾嘉之際，考據學之大盛，在當時學術上稍有名望者，沒有藏書家和學者不和考據學產生淵源。此時小學之興、人才、名家、學者輩出，頓時成了清乾嘉學術的一大特色。本論文以黃丕烈及其學術知交為例，考察彼此之間在藏書事業及學術互動上的關係，並探究彼此間的影響以及與對學術的貢獻。因此在乾嘉學術的歷史背景下，如果沒有藏書家與學者的互動，考據學的發展，勢必無法無此蓬勃。本論文主要以《蕘圃藏書題識》及《黃丕烈年譜》為主要，討論清乾嘉時期藏書家與學者關係－以黃丕烈及其學術知交為例，分述為八章：第一章緒論：說明撰述研究動機與目的、研究方法與範圍，以及對前人成果進行歸納。第二章考察所涉背景及人物說明：首先介紹清乾嘉時期之學術風氣及藏書風尚，其次略述黃丕烈及其學術知交生平及交遊，以瞭解其背景。第三章雅聚題詠：藉由不同形式的雅聚，去探討藏書家與學者之間的密切關係。第四章藏書流通：經由古籍流通的不同方式，證明藏書家與學人間的互動關係，絕非單憑一己之力即能完成學術成就。第五章善本借觀：考察乾嘉時期，珍秘古籍難輕易示人之下，藏書家與學者間卻能彼此互通有無、往來借觀的互動間接促進彼此在學術上的研究及考據學的發展。第六章序跋互題：說明藏書家與學者的序跋互題，顯現其友誼甚篤亦能促進古籍的自由流通，二能提升了古籍之價值。第七章研究考訂：透過藏書家與學者間研究考訂的互動，印證古人云：『獨學而無友，則孤陋而寡聞』，藏書家學術研究若無學者知友的協助，勢不能成就其藏書事業。第八章結論：綜合本文研究所得，總結清乾嘉時期藏書家與學者的關係，透過黃丕烈與學者之間的雅聚題詠、善本借觀、藏書流通、序跋互題、研究考訂，可知藏書家與學者間的關係是相互依存、相互影響的，此關係也間接影響乾嘉學術的發展。

關鍵字

黃丕烈、《蕘圃藏書題識》、清代考據學、私家藏書

並列摘要

Advisor: LOU , CHIN-TANG Department: Graduate Institute of Chinese Bibliography & Textual Criticism Major: Chinese Bibliography & Textual Criticism Degree: Master of Arts During Qianlong and Jiaqing periods of the Qing Dynasty, textual criticism prevailed. At that time, among those slightly prestigious people in the academic circles, book collectors and scholars all had relationship with textural criticism. In those days philology flourished, thus talents, masters and scholars appeared one after another, which became a major learning characteristic during Qianglong and Jiaqing periods of the Qing Dynasty. This thesis takes the relationship of learning interactions between Huang Pi-lie and his intimate learning friends for example, to investigate the relationship of book collection business and learning interactions to each other, and to explore mutual influences and contributions to learning as well. For this reason, without interactions between book collectors and scholars, development of textual criticism certainly would not be this vigorous. This thesis mainly references to Inscriptions on Rao Garden Book Collection and The Chronicle of Huang Pi-lie's Life, which discusses the relationship between book collectors and scholars during Qianlong and Jiaqing periods of the Qing Dynasty – taking Huang Pi-lie and His intimate learning friends for example. It is described in eight chapters: Chapter 1 Introduction: It describes the research motive and purpose, research method and scope, and generalizes results of predecessors. Chapter 2 investigates related background and describes figures: First it introduces the learning atmosphere and book collection fashion during Qianlong and Jiaqing periods of the Qing Dynasty. Then, Huang Pi-lie's life and relationship with his intimate learning friends is briefly described, in order to understand the background. Chapter 3 Gathering to chant or write poetry: It discusses the close relationship between book collectors and scholars by means of various kinds of gatherings. Chapter 4 Circulation of book collection: By means of different ways of old book circulation, it proves that the interactive relationship between book collectors and scholars definitely does not depend on simply one's efforts to complete academic achievement. Chapter 5 Borrowing reliable editions: It investigates that during Qianlong and Jiaqing periods, under the circumstance that precious old books were hard to be read, book collectors and scholars helped supply each other's needs, and interactions of borrowing or lending books for reading indirectly encouraged mutual academic studies and development of textural criticism. Chapter 6 Writing prefaces or postscripts to each other: It explains that between book collectors and scholars, writing prefaces or postscripts to each other shows that their friendship was quite deep. It also advanced free circulation of old books, and promoted the value of old books. Chapter 7 Research and examination: Through interactions of research and examination between book collectors and scholars, it proves an old saying, "Learning alone and without friends makes one feel solitary and uncultivated, with but little information." Without help from an intimate scholar friend, a book collector will definitely not complete his book collection business when doing academic research. Chapter 8 Conclusion: It integrates the research result in this thesis, and summarizes the relationship between book collectors and scholars during Qianlong and Jiaqing periods of the Qing Dynasty. By means of: gathering to chant or write poetry, circulation of book collection, borrowing reliable editions, writing prefaces or postscripts to each other, research and examination between Huang Pi-lie and scholars, we can realize that the relationship between book collectors and scholars is interdependent and interacting. This relationship also indirectly influenced development of learning during Qianlong and Jiaqing periods.