本研究為探討性犯罪案件中自白者與無自白者的心理因素、個人與案件特徵等層面因素的比較,屬於靜態面的分析,以訪談法研究在起訴或偵查階段時自白及無自白的受刑人各兩位。目的在於探討有自白和無自白性犯罪加害者的個人特性、心理狀態、案件與情境特徵等的相同處和相異處,以了解影響自白的因素為何。 研究結果發現: 一.性加害者的「家人」為影響自白與否的最大因素。 二.有自白者有想解決面對的心態、無需照顧的家庭和案件的證據力較充足;無自白者則完全相反,只有想逃避的想法、有需照顧的家庭和案件的證據力較不足。 三.有自白者年齡較輕、職業是屬於需有專業技能的工作、和被害人有親密照顧的關係、監禁壓力極大或極小、是一時失去自我控制的犯案類型;無自白者年齡較大、職業是屬於不需專業技能的工作、與被害人是陌生關係、監禁壓力中等、犯案方式是漸進式的。 四. 性加害者的罪惡感、羞恥感、辯護人在場、前科經驗及刑期等則與自白沒有明顯關係。 性犯罪加害者本身的個人特徵及某些情境因素即會影響到自白的可能性高低,如想使性犯罪加害者能較傾於自白,本研究建議1.須了解性犯罪加害者犯案當時的心理和生理狀態2.了解性犯罪者與異性相處情形與家庭狀況3.使加害者有解決面對司法的心態,才可提升性犯罪加害人自白的可能。
This study is to explore the cases of sex crime by comparing and analyzing between confessors and non-confessors, based on interviews with two convicted confessors and two convicted denials, with the purpose of understanding the difference between the two types in their mental status, individual personality and case characteristics. The results indicate as follows: 1. Sex offenders’ "family" is the key factor to decide whether they confess or deny. 2. Confessors tend to face and solve the case, and they are free of family burden and when the evidence was rated as strong. But non-confessors are the contrary. 3. Confessors are likely to be young, skilled, and unplanned offenders, who are close to victims, with extremely high or extremely low pressure of coming to jail. But non-confessors are the contrary. 4. Sex offenders’ previous conviction, feelings of guilt and shame, a counsel’s presence, and years of sentence are not relevant to confessing or denying. To obtain the confession of sex offenders, this research suggests: 1. Examine sex offenders’ mental and physical status. 2. Understand how sex offenders deal with relationship and family 3. Try to lead offenders to face law of justice.