從資源依賴理論分析我國上市公司獨立董事對企業經營績效之影響

Impacts of Independent Directors on Business Performances of Taiwan Stock Exchange Listed Companies based on Resource Dependence Theory.

陳采葳(Tsai-Wei Chen)

指導教授 ： 謝錦堂

共同指導教授 ： 吳瑞山

國立臺北大學/商學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

根據資源依賴理論主張，董事會乃企業與外部環境之連結平台，可適時地提供企業所需的資訊、協助經營者取得關鍵性資源，並強化公司的社會正當性，幫助公司獲取目標及改善經營績效。本文以台灣證券交易所之上市公司為研究對象，針對其所設置獨立董事之外部連結對企業經營績效之影響進行分析。
研究結果顯示，我國上市公司獨立董事兼職情形十分普遍，專業背景則以會計專業居多。比較獨立董事之任職數目與專業數目對於企業經營績效之影響程度顯示前者影響較為顯著；若按產業別分析該二變數對企業經營績效之影響，則電子產業較非電子產業顯著；若檢視獨立董事所具備之個別專業數目對企業經營績效之影響，則可發現「會計」專業數目較為顯著，此種情況尤以電子產業更為明顯。綜上所述，得證實我國上市公司所設置獨立董事，如任職數目愈多、專業數目越多，顯示獨立董事外部連結性愈強，對企業經營績效之影響愈有助益。
整體而言，任職數目之影響程度高於專業數目，但在電子產業中，專業數目之影響程度則較任職數目顯著，當中又以會計專業最為明顯，故建議我國電子產業上市公司應更加重視獨立董事之專業背景，此結果亦呼應我國「公開發行公司獨立董事設置及應遵循事項辦法」規定設置審計委員會之公開發行公司，其獨立董事至少一人應具備會計或財務專長，實有其實務上之助益，建議未來應可朝向擴大辦理。

關鍵字

資源依賴理論 ； 獨立董事

並列摘要

This research aims to explore and analyze the impact of independent directors’ external links on the business performances of Taiwan Stock Exchange listed companies. According to the theory of resource dependency, the board of directors acts as important link between corporation and the external environment. Such link has the function of providing necessary information, obtaining critical resources, and strengthening social legitimacy of the company, which in turn helps companies meet target and improve performance.
The result of the study shows that it is not uncommon for independent directors to take several positionssimultaneously, also most of the independent directors have accounting specialty background. Comparing to the total number of specialties independent directors have, the total number of positions independent directors hold both inside and outside the company has more significant impact on business performances. Based on the above two variables, the impact on the electronic industry is more significant than the non-electronic industry. Also, by reviewing the specialties of the independent directors, we can see that accounting has more significant impact on business performances than other specialties especially in the electronics industry.
In general,total number of positions has more significant impact on business performances than total number of specialties. However, within the electronics industry, total number of specialties, especially accounting, actually has more significant impact on business performances than total number of positions. Hence we suggest that listed electronics companies should pay special attention to the specialty background of independent directors. This result corresponds to theRegulations of Independent Directors and Compliance Matters for Public Companies which stated “Public companies established under the act are required to create an audit committee that has at least one independent director with accounting or financial expertise.” It is recommended the application be expanded since the research shows definite positive result of such regulation.

並列關鍵字

Resource Dependence Theory ； Independent Director.

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