本研究以技術機會觀點探討政府研發補助對企業創新活動之影響,主要目的在了解政府以研發補助之方式介入企業創新活動,是否能夠增加企業的創新投入與創新產出。從文獻探討過程中,本研究分別以企業研發支出及企業專利活動兩變數衡量企業創新投入與創新產出,並以公司規模、研究性質及研發型態三項變數為干擾變數,提出九項研究假說,以固定效果模型進行最小平方虛擬變數迴歸檢定。以1999-2005年期間實際接受「業界開發產業技術計畫」補助之210家廠商為實證樣本,採unbalanced panel data的資料結構,搜集廠商獲得補助年之前一年開始到2007年止之相關資料,共計1376個樣本觀察値。實證結果發現,在創新投入面,政府研發補助與企業研發支出具有顯著的互補關係,且此種互補關係隨著補助比例成U型效果;在創新產出方面,雖然政府研發補助對企業專利活動無直接之增加效果,但透過對聯合研發之補助,可顯著增加企業專利活動之質與量。此外,公司規模、研究性質及研發型態確實對政府研發補助與企業創新活動之關係發揮了顯著之干擾效果。
The study mainly relies on technological opportunity theory to explain the impact of government subsidies on the innovation input and the innovation output. The analysis uses R&D expenditures and patent applications as the outcome variables. Firm size, research character and R&D alliance are regarded as moderators influencing the relationship between government subsidies and business innovation activities. The data used to carry out this research comes from Taiwan companies funded by the Industrial Technology Development Program during the period 1999-2005. The empirical analysis is company-level unbalanced panel data over the ten-year period from 1998 to 2007. After eliminating the observations for which all the necessary information is not available, the sample includes a total of 1,376 observations from 210 firms. The main empirical findings show that R&D subsidies significantly increase the private R&D expenditures of funded firms, whereas, R&D subsidies do not have a significant effect on patent applications. Moreover, Firm size, research character and R&D alliance indeed exert a significant moderating effect individually.