臺灣地區新生兒健康狀況之比較分析

ANALYSIS NEONATAL HEALTH STATUS IN TAIWAN

吳素婷(WU﹐SU-TING)

指導教授 ： 楊文山

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/社會學系/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討臺灣地區原國籍的婦女在其新生兒健康狀況上的差異情形，目的在於釐清外籍婦女造成低落生育品質的偏見與刻板印象。為有效反映臺灣不同國籍婦女的生育狀況，乃以衛生署國健局自2004年至2008年的「出生通報」資料庫中的母群體為研究目標，經篩選婦女原臺灣籍、東南亞籍以及中國籍（含港澳）的國籍後，再行剔除胎別為「雙胞胎」或多胞胎以上與「無配偶」身分等無效樣本後，共得到有效研究樣本為940417人。而在本研究架構上，依產婦原國籍、產齡與夫妻年齡差距為自變項，以新生兒健康狀況為依變項，包含有出生狀況（活、死產）、出生體重（以2500公克為界）、妊娠週數（＜37週、≧37週）、先天性缺陷情況（有、無）以及出生後第一鐘、第五分鐘Apgar score（以7分作為分界）等六個面向。研究發現，依產婦原國籍對新生兒健康狀況的差異，臺灣籍產婦在新生兒檢康狀況整體面向皆顯著不如中國籍（含港澳）產婦，其生育品質皆顯著低於外籍婦女。另外依產齡組別中，適齡與高齡階段的臺灣籍產婦在新生兒健康狀況整體面向上亦顯著差於中國籍（含港澳）產婦。而另外在夫妻年齡差距的組別中，無論與配偶年齡差距為何，中國籍（含港澳）與東南亞籍婦女在新生兒健康狀況皆明顯優於臺灣籍產婦所生子女。最後，根據前述不同自變項對依變項的差異結果，再將年度（2004年~2008年）連同產婦原國籍、產齡與夫妻年齡差距齊置於新生兒健康狀況的迴歸預測中，發現除了在新生兒出生狀況與先天性缺陷呈部分顯著預測外，另出生體重、妊娠週數與出生後第一鐘、第五分鐘Apgar score等依變項面向，年度別與各個自變項均構成新生兒健康狀況差異結果的重要因子。

關鍵字

新生兒健康狀況 ； 生育品質

並列摘要

The main purposes of this study were to examine the differences in the neonatal health status between women with the different original nationalities, and to clarify public misunderstandings and biases that foreign women caused low birth quality of their babies. In order to reflect fertility condition of women with different original nationalities in Taiwan effiecently, the object of this study were the birth notification data between 2004 and 2008 from Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health. After eliminating other original nationalities except Taiwan, China, and east-south Asia, the researcher winnowed the neonates with twins, multiple births and whose mother were widows from the populations, and finally got 940417 valid samples for this study. Women’ original nationality, parturient age and age gap between spouse
were brought into the independent variable, neonatal health status consisted of six aspects included birth condition, birth weight, gestation period, inherited defects condition, first minute Apgar score and five minute Apgar score brought into the dependent variable on the research framework. We found there were significant differences in the overall neonatal health status sections with different parturient original nationalities, Taiwanese women were significant lower than Chinese women and had poorer birth quality compared with those foreign women. Second, of the right-aged and advanced-aged, Taiwanese women were significant lower than Chinese women in the overall neonatal health status sections between the different age groups. Besides, under all circumstances of age gap between spouses, Chinese women were significant better than Taiwanese women in the overall neonatal health status sections.
Finally, according to the findings on the significant differences in the dependent variables with different independent variables, researcher put the data year together with women’ original nationality, parturient age and age gap between spouse into the regression prediction analysis. Besides data year and all independent variables were founded partly significantly forecast birth condition and inherited defects condition, all these predictors could significantly make the effectively differences in the neonatal health status sections of birth weight, gestation period, first minute Apgar score and five minute Apgar score.

並列關鍵字

neonatal health status ； birth quality

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