台糖生物科技創新經營策略之探討

An Exploration of the Innovative Business Strategy for the Taiwan Sugar Corporation in Biotechnology

王儷倩(Li-Chien Wang)

指導教授 ： 陳恆鈞

國立臺北大學/公共事務學院/公共行政暨政策學系/碩士(2012年)

摘要

本研究個案台糖公司為國營事業，早期因外銷砂糖曾經為國家賺取可觀的外滙收入，在台灣經濟成長過程中扮演著相當重要的角色，但在面臨經營環境系絡變遷及國際競爭嚴峻等因素，必須思考轉型經營。為提升組織競爭力，該公司爰以公部門創新的理念，在2003年及2004年間調整經營策略，將組織事業分為量販、生物科技、精緻農業、畜殖、商品行銷、油品、砂糖、休閒遊憩等八大事業部，以拓展多角化事業經營。
鑒於台糖公司轉型迄今已逾八年，其原擬訂之策略目標是否已經達成？又未來經營走向為何？為本研究探討之主要動機。考量台糖多角化經營事業頗多，為使組織資源作最有效之利用，宜選擇最具競爭力之核心事業，作為未來策略方向。因此，本研究聚焦於以目前政府積極推動之生技事業，作為個案研究標的，旨為探討以下問題：一、台糖公司轉型多角化事業經營後，其經營效率是否已獲得改善？二、生物科技是否可作為台糖公司永續發展之核心事業？
為達客觀及完整性，本研究方法兼採質化與量化二種方法，先進行台糖文獻資料回顧，並經由公部門創新及多角化策略理論之探究，以凝聚研究焦點並建構理論架構，再運用量化之資料包絡分析法(Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA)，針對台糖八個事業部進行經營效率評估。最後，並藉由與台糖公司業務相關人員深度訪談，輔助證實量化評估所獲結論。
依據實證結果及訪談發現，台糖轉型後之整體經營效率表現仍未有明顯改善，但由長期效率情形觀之，已呈穩定成長趨勢，顯示多角化策略雖未能有效提升公司經營效率，但其以創新思維積極尋求轉型之組織目標仍然是正確的，再者，台糖轉型後生技事業之效率表現，優於其他事業單位，故未來應以生物科技作為發展核心事業之策略目標。

關鍵字

台糖公司,公部門創新,多角化策略,資料包絡分析法

並列摘要

Taiwan Sugar Corporation (TSC), the case study of this research, is a state-owned enterprise. It earned a considerable amount of income in foreign exchange for Taiwan by exporting sugar during its early days, and played a significant role in Taiwan’s economic growth. However, facing the challenges of a changing business environment and fierce international competition, TSC must consider a business transformation. To promote company competitiveness, TSC followed the idea of public sector innovation, and adjusted business strategies between 2003 and 2004, to become diversified by dividing its business unit into eight divisions: wholesale, biotechnology, boutique farming, livestock raising, product marketing, food oils, sugar, leisure and recreation.
In view of that it has been eight years since TSC’s transformation; this research is motivated to find out if it has achieved its original strategy goals, and what TSC’s future directions are. Because TSC has so many business divisions, it is best to select its most competitive core business, the one that best utilizes company resources, for the discussion of future strategic directions. Therefore, this research focuses on biotechnology, which is actively promoted by the government, as the research target for a case study. This research aims to discuss the following questions: 1. Has TSC’s business performance improved since its transformation into a diversified business? 2. Can biotechnology be the core business for TSC’s sustainable development?
To maintain objectivity and to achieve thoroughness, this research adopts qualitative and quantitative methods. This research first performs literature review of TSC, and, using theoretic exploration on public sector innovation and diversification strategy, zooms in on research focus to construct a theoretic framework. Then this research performs an operational efficiency assessment of TSC’s eight business divisions using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), a quantitative method. Lastly, this research adopting in-depth interviews with TSC business related personnel to validate the conclusions obtained from the quantitative assessment method.
The empirical results and interviews show that overall business performance after TSC’s transformation has not improved significantly; however, from the perspective of its long-term efficiency, TSC has shown a stable growth. The results show that although the strategy of diversification has not promoted TSC’s business performance, its company goal of using innovative thinking to actively search for business transformation is the correct choice. Furthermore, TSC’s biotechnology business performance is better than its other business divisions. Thus, the development of biotechnology should be the core business of its strategic objectives.

並列關鍵字

Taiwan Sugar Corporation, Public Sector Innovation, Diversification Strategy, Data Envelopment Analysis

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