電動自行車兩象限直流馬達驅動器之研製

Study and Implementation of Two-Quadrant DC Motor Drives for Electric Bicycles

李宗憲(Tsung-Hsien Lee)

指導教授 ： 莊英俊

崑山科技大學/工程學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2003年)

https://doi.org/10.6828/KSU.2003.00014

摘要

本論文中，目的在研製兩象限直流馬達驅動器來控制電動自行車的速度，並利用兩象限驅動器可形成再生制動的優點，在電動自行車腳踏、減速或下坡時，將電流回充至蓄電池，提升了蓄電池的續航力和降低蓄電池的能量損耗。 電動自行車驅動馬達方面，本論文選定永磁式有刷直流馬達為受控對象，並使用電樞電壓控制法來改變永磁式有刷直流馬達轉速，此方法是在電源電壓與馬達之間串接一直流對直流驅動器來實現。 驅動器方面，使用脈波寬度調變(Pulse Width Modulation；PWM)的方式來控制驅動器中的半導體元件的導通時間。脈波寬度 越寬，則平均電樞電壓 越大，馬達轉速增加；脈波寬度 越窄，則平均電樞電壓 越小，馬達轉速減少。 最後使用Pspice軟體模擬以驗證理論與硬體的正確性與可行性。

關鍵字

再生制動 ； 兩象限直流馬達驅動器 ； 電動自行車

並列摘要

The purpose of this thesis is to study and implement two-quadrant dc motor drives to control the speed of electric bicycles. And to use an advantage of two-quadrant dc motor drives that can create regenerative braking. When electric bicycles are trod, slowed down, or ridden downhill, the current will reverse to the battery, and thus can promote the battery storage and reduce energy consumption.
About motors for electric bicycles, permanent magnet dc motors are chosen as the controlled variables. And, the armature voltage control method is used to change the speed of permanent magnet dc motors by series connecting a dc-to-dc drive between the voltage source and the motor.
About drives, we use the Pulse Width Modulation to control the turn on times of semiconductor elements in drives. The wider the pulse width, the greater the average armature voltage and the higher the motor speed, and vice versa.
Finally, Pspice software is used to verify accuracy and feasibility of the theory and the equipment.

並列關鍵字

Electric Bicycles ； Two-quadrant Dc Motor Drives

參考文獻

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