生質柴油之引擎及實車測試分析

Study on the Engine and Field Tests of Biodiesel

陳君維(Jiun-Wei Chen)

指導教授 ： 吳澤松

崑山科技大學/工程學院/機械工程研究所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

生質柴油為一種再生能源，且具有環保的益處，因此日受歡迎，本研究將探討生質柴油與傳統柴油之物、化性及引擎性能、排氣污染等差異，在引擎試驗使用之油料為低硫超級柴油D100、B20(市售超級柴油80%+純生質柴油20%)、BD9505(烷類95%與生質柴油5%之化合物)，實車運行二支測試用油：B20(市售超級柴油80%、純生質柴油20%)、BD9505(烷類95%與生質柴油5%之化合物)，研究成果如下：
1.經油品的物、化性分析結果可知，本研究探討之生質柴油，其優點為具有高十六烷值、極低的硫含量及芳香烴含量且有良好之潤滑性，而缺點為流動點高。
2.由三支油品（D100、B20、BD9505）之引擎性能試驗之污染去分析，THC及Co及黑煙排放指數較使用市售超級柴油有降低5%~13%，11%~25%以及6%~41%的效果。
3.由12部垃圾車及部公車得示範推廣車隊，BD9505及B20的實車試驗結果，BD9505約可使垃圾車黑煙降低約15%~38%、B20則使公車黑煙降低約19%~41%。
4.試驗油品對車輛效益分析評估的成果為：由減量效益評估，可以發現BD9505之空氣污染排放消減量大於B20，以排放消減量來比較，BD9505為較好的選擇。

關鍵字

生質柴油 ； 替代能源

並列摘要

The biodiesel is one kind of alternative energy, and also has the environmental benefits. The chemical properties, engine performances and exhaust of biodiesel and traditional diesel were studied. The fuels studied were low sulfur diesel(D100) , B20(low sulfur diesel 80% + biodiesel 20%), BD9505(alkylated diesel 95% + biodiesel 5%). The testing results were:

1. The fuel properties analysis results showed that the benefit of biodiesel were high cetane number, very low sulfur and aromatic contents, and with good lubricity. The defects of biodiesel were high pour point.
2. From the engine testing for biodiesel fuels compare with low sulfur diesel showed that THC , Co and smoke were reduced with 5%~13%,11%~25% and 6%~41%.
3. From the field tests of BD9505 were accumulated for 12 vehicles, BD9505 approximately may cause the garbage truck smoke to reduce approximately 15%~38%, B20 causes the public vehicle black smoke to reduce approximately 19%~41%.
4. The exhaust emissions of BD9505 were lower than B20.

並列關鍵字

alternative energy ； Biodiesel

參考文獻

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【8】Anon, “Diesel Engine Design Trends,” Automotive Engineering

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【13】Schumacher, L. G.; Borglet, S. C.; Fosseen, D.; Goetz, W.; Hires, W. G. “Heavy-Duty Engine Exhaust Emission Test Using Methyl Ester Soybean Oil/Diesel Fuel Blends”, Bioresource Technology, 57, pp. 31-36, 1996.

【16】USA, National Biodiesel Board, 2001