新型零電流切換脈波寬度調變降壓式蓄電池充電器

A Novel Zero-Current-Switching Pulse-Width-Modulated Buck Converter for Battery Chargers

黃少崴(Shao-Wei Huang)

指導教授 ： 柯裕隆

崑山科技大學/工程學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6828/KSU.2006.00044

摘要

共振式轉換器具有低切換損失、電路體積小、重量輕及高功率密度等優點，已被大量運用於各類高頻切換式轉換器以取代傳統硬切換式轉換器。為了能夠更有彈性地控制共振式轉換器，本論文提出一新型的零電流切換脈波寬度調變降壓式轉換器應用於蓄電池充電器。此種新型的蓄電池充電器是於共振迴路中再加入一輔助開關，能夠更準確地控制共振時間，使得充電器不僅同時具有硬式轉換器與共振式轉換器之優點，更涵貍w頻控制、減小共振時間，並使充電器中所有的開關元件均能操作於零電流切換情況，明顯地降低切換損失，使充電器電路更適合操作於高頻而獲得高充電效率的表現。
本文針對兩個主動開關的切換，採取脈波寬度調變的控制方式，再依據開關導通情形分析電路工作原理，建立電路的操作模式與等效電路，並以此等效電路為基礎，推導電路參數的設計方程式。實際電路量測結果驗證所提新型蓄電池充電器之理論有效性，實際平均充電效率高達90% 以上，令人相當滿意。

關鍵字

充電器 ； 共振 ； 降壓式轉換器 ； 電池

並列摘要

The resonant converter provides the advantages of low switching losses, small circuit volume, light weight and high power density. Various high-frequency switching converters have replaced traditional hard -switching converters. This thesis presents a novel zero-current-switching pulse-width-modulated buck converter for battery chargers to control resonant converters flexibly. An auxiliary switch is inserted into the resonant loop in the proposed novel battery charger to control the resonant time precisely. The developed charger has the advantages of the hard-switching converter and the resonant converter with constant -frequency control, reduced resonant time and the operation of all switching components in the charger under the zero-current-switching condition to reduce significantly switching losses. The developed charger circuit is highly suitable for high-frequency operation and high charging efficiency.
This thesis employs the pulse-width-modulated control mode for the switching of two active switches. The operation modes of the circuit and the equivalent circuits are constructed by analyzing the operating principles of the circuit, based on the turn-on conditions of the active switches. The equations used to determine the circuit parameters are derived from the equivalent circuits. Experimental results have demonstrated the theoretical effectiveness of the proposed novel battery charger circuit. A practical mean charging efficiency of over 90% is quite satisfactory.

並列關鍵字

Buck Converter ； Charger ； Battery ； Resonant

參考文獻

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