- 學位論文
利用水生植物現場淨化畜牧場放流水之研究
Purification of Livestock Field Effluent with Aquatic Plants in Field
摘要
國內畜牧廢水經過三段式廢水處理系統後，出流水的氮磷營養鹽仍偏高，若直接排至河川，很容易造成水體的優養化。本研究主要利用水生植物淨化畜牧場處理後的出流水，選擇耐污、生長能力強、具淨化能力、可供觀賞之水生植物，期望能移除過多的氮磷營養鹽，降低水體優養化的生成潛勢，並開發可回收再利用及綠化之附加價值。 本研究於畜牧廢水處理現場之「沈澱池」中養殖水芙蓉、布袋蓮、空心菜，由曝氣池為進流水至沈澱池後之出流水，水力停留時間約為1天，連續5∼7天觀測其「出流水」的水質變化，整體發現水芙蓉在導電度5.4%、COD 39.2%、NO2－-N 69.2%、T-N 20.8%、 PO43－-P 11.1%的平均去除率最佳，布袋蓮在濁度65.9%、SS 71.1%、NH4+-N 25%的平均去除率最佳，空心菜在NO3－-N 52.9%、T-P 10.4%的平均去除率最佳。每100g的單位濕重氮磷的移除量來比較三種水生植物的去除效能，NO3－-N的去除效能以水芙蓉0.29 mg/ L-100g最高，布袋蓮 0.26 mg/ L-100g次之，空心菜 0.06 mg/ L-100g最低； PO43－-P的去除效能以布袋蓮0.29 mg/ L-100g最高，水芙蓉0.03 mg/ L-100g次之。三種水生植物全株氮磷的含量，空心菜的全株氮含量略高於水芙蓉及布袋蓮，分別為4.46%、3.86%和2.89%；水芙蓉的全株磷含量略高於空心菜及布袋蓮，分別為0.71%、0.61%和0.58%。
並列摘要
The domestic livestock wastewater in Taiwan still contains a large amount of nutrient salt of nitrogen and phosphor, even though it has been treated through the three-stage wastewater treatment system. The wastewater is very likely to cause the eutrophication of water bodies if it is discharged directly into the rivers or streams. This study aims to remove the excessive nutrient salt of nitrogen and phosphor by using ornamental aquatic plants with high endurance against stain, great productivity and high purification efficiency to purify the wastewater in the sedimentation tank of the livestock farm. The purpose of the study is to reduce the potential of eutrophication of water bodies and thus to develop the adding value of recycling and greening. In this study, water lettuce, water hyacinth and water convolvulus were planted in the sedimentation tank of the livestock wastewater treatment plant. The treated effluent water from the aeration tank stayed one to two days in the sedimentation tank and was observed for five to seven days. The water lettuce showed the best removal rates of COD, NO2－-N, T-N and PO43－-P, which were 69.2%, 20.8% and 11.1%, respectively. The water hyacinth showed the best removal rates of turbidity, SS and NH4+-N, which were 65.9%, 71.1% and 25%, respectively. The water convolvulus showed the best removal rates of NO3－-N and T-P, which were 52.9% and 10.4%. In this study, the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus (mg/ L-100g) was used to compare the removal rates of the three aquatic plants. The removal efficiency of NO3－-N was the highest at 0.29 mg/ L-100g in the water lettuce followed by the water hyacinth and the water convolvulus at 0.26 mg/ L-100g and 0.06 mg/ L-100g. The removal efficiency of PO43－-P was the highest at 0.29 mg/ L-100g in the water hyacinth followed by the water lettuce at 0.03 mg/ L-100g. The nitrogen contents in the water convolvulus, water lettuce and water hyacinth were 4.46%, 3.86%, and 2.89%, respectively. The water convolvulus contained more nitrogen than the other plants. The phosphorus contents in the water lettuce, water convolvulus and water hyacinth were 0.71%, 0.61% and 0.58%. The water lettuce contained more phosphorus than the other plants.