上司-部屬間人際信任的前因及對部屬組織公民行為的影響

Antecedents and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors Consequences of Interpersonal Trust between Supervisors and Subordinates

謝曜駿(Yao-Chun Hsieh)

指導教授 ： 陳嵩

崑山科技大學/商業管理學院/企業管理研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6828/KSU.2010.00045

摘要

企業內部的管理不能僅靠成文的規定、規章與制度，還需藉由人際信任關係的建立，來激勵員工在工作上投入更多的心力、展現更多有利組織的自發行為。本研究以上司--部屬間之垂直人際信任（即上司對部屬信任、部屬對上司信任）為焦點，探討、推論部屬特質（包括上司知覺部屬的忠誠度、部屬的才能、彼此間的情感性關係）對上司對部屬信任的影響、上司家長式領導（包括威權領導、仁慈領導及德行領導）對部屬對上司信任之影響，上司對部屬信任、部屬對上司信任對部屬組織公民行為之個別及交互作用影響。本研究並以崑山科技大學在職班（包括夜間部及假日班）學生及其主屬主管為問卷調查實證對象，共回收110份有效對偶資料。
驗證性因素分析顯示，仁慈及德行領導可合併為一個構面--仁德領導行為。路徑分析及干擾回歸分析結果顯示，上司知覺部屬的忠誠度、部屬的才能、情感性關係皆對「上司對部屬信任」呈顯著正向影響，其中又以情感性關係的解釋力最大；在上司家長式領導方面，僅仁德領導行為對部屬對上司的信任呈顯著正向影響，此外上司與部屬的情感性關係亦對部屬對上司信任有顯著正向影響。在垂直人際信任方面，上司對部屬信任不但對部屬組織公民行為呈顯著正向影響，且與部屬對上司信任產生交互作用進而擴大對部屬組織公民行為的影響；此外，部屬對上司忠誠（克盡職守）亦對部屬組織公民行為呈顯著正向直接影響。最後研究者依據實證結果提出數點管理建議及後續研究建議。

關鍵字

人際信任 ； 家長式領導 ； 組織公民行為

並列摘要

Managerial effectiveness can be built up not only through institutional regulations or rules but also interpersonal trust in a group. Interpersonal trust in business can encourage employees to make more efforts on their work and to develop self-consciousness which is beneficial to the organization. This study, focusing on vertical interpersonal trust between supervisor-subordinate (e.g., trust in subordinate, trust in supervisor), explores the influence of subordinates’ trait (including perceived loyalty to supervisor, competence, subordinate-supervisor guanxi) on trusting in subordinate by supervisors, and the effect of supervisors’ paternalistic leadership behavior (including authoritarianism, benevolence and moral leadership) on trusting in supervisor by subordinates. The study also examines the individual and interaction effects of the trust in supervisor and subordinate on the organization citizenship behaviors. One hundred and ten students of adult education (night school and extended school from Kun Shan University) and their supervisors were sampled as subjects.
The result of factor analysis shows that benevolence leadership and moral leadership are combined as one dimension--Ren-De leadership. Path analysis and moderated regression analysis shows that perceived loyalty to supervisors, subordinates’ competence, and subordinate-supervisor guanxi all has a positive impact on trust in subordinate, and only Ren-De leadership has a positive impact on trust in supervisor. Besides, subordinate-supervisor guanxi also has a positive impact on trust in supervisor. The study also indicates a significant positive effect of trust from supervisors on subordinates’ organization citizenship behaviors, and significant interaction effect between the trust in supervisor and subordinate on subordinates’ organization citizenship behaviors. Furthermore, subordinate loyalty to supervisor (conscientiousness) has a positive impact on subordinate’s organizational citizenship behavior as well. Finally, suggestions for management and recommendations for future research are presented.

並列關鍵字

interpersonal trust ； paternalistic leadership behavior ； organizational citizenship behavior

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