排氣管重組器由乙醇產出富氫氣體為機車輔助燃料之引擎特性探討

Study on the characteristics of a motorcycle engine fueled with hydrogen-rich gas produced from ethanol by an exhaust pipe reformer

翁碩偉(Shuo-Wei Weng)

指導教授 ： 洪榮芳

崑山科技大學/工程學院/機械工程研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究利用排氣廢熱來使乙醇重組器進行重組產生氫，並將其產出之富氫氣體導入引擎，而富氫氣體內含有助燃（H2、CO）及阻燃（CO2、N2）氣體，助燃氣體提高燃燒效率亦可降低油耗，阻燃氣體則可降低其NOx之排放。為了詳細分析富氫氣體所引發之效應，因此本實驗將分為，調配富氫氣體及排氣管重組器產出導入機車引擎兩個階段進行實驗測試。
第一階段調配富氫氣體導入機車引擎部分，運用鋼瓶氣體混合成富氫氣體，依照不同之助阻比(0.7~1.06)、富氫氣體供應流率(15L/min、20L/min)、引擎轉速(4000、5000、6000rpm)及油門開度(1/3、2/3、3/3)等…參數進行實驗。從第一階段實驗結果得知，導入富氫氣體對引擎CO及HC之排放較無影響。在富氫氣體導入之體積流率方面，以15L/min時有較佳表現。其中富氫氣體之助阻比為0.836時，可得到較低之引擎CO排汙、較高之引擎熱效率及制動功率。
第二階段排氣管重組器產出部分，乙醇與空氣經重組器產生富氫氣體，導入機車引擎，並控制不同之乙醇進料率(4、6、8cc/min)及O2/EtOH比(0.5、0.6、0.7)H2O/EtOH(1、3、5)等…參數進行實驗。由第二階段實驗結果得知，當引擎排氣溫度較低時，易使重組器性能下降。而引擎轉速4000rpm時，以富氫氣體輸入熱值百分比4.4-5.3％、富氫氣體之助阻比0.625-0.887之間，對於引擎整體性能較佳，5000rpm以富氫氣體輸入熱值百分比5.4-9.9％、助阻比0.671-1.272時為佳，6000rpm時則以富氫氣體輸入熱值百分比3.5-9.0％、助阻比0.788-1.159較佳。整體上來說，輸入重組器之乙醇流量6cc/min、H2O/EtOH比1、O2/EtOH比0.5時，其所產出之富氫氣體，對於引擎及排汙方面有較佳之表現。

關鍵字

富氫氣體 ； 重組器 ； 引擎

並列摘要

This study was to produce hydrogen-rich gas by ethanol reforming utilizing the engine exhaust heat, and the hydrogen-rich gas was introduced into the engine. The hydrogen-rich gas contains assisting gases (H2, CO) and impeding gases (CO2, N2), where assisting gases improves fuel consumption, and impeding gases reduces NOx emissions.
In this study, the experiments included two parts. In the first part, the artificial mixture of hydrogen-rich gas was introduced into the motorcycle engine by different assisting/impeding (A/I) ratios (0.7-1.06), hydrogen-rich gas supply rates (15L/min, 20L/min), engine speeds (4000, 5000, 6000 rpm) and throttle openings (1/3, 2/3, 3/3). The results of the first stage showed that the effect of the hydrogen-rich gas addition on the CO and HC emissions of the engine was not apparent. However, as for the performance of engine, the addition of 15L/min hydrogen-rich gas gave better one. Further, lower CO emission, higher thermal efficiency and brake power of the engine at assisting/impeding ratio of 0.836 for the hydrogen-rich gas was obtained.
The second one was on the hydrogen production by the pipe reformer, and the effect of hydrogen-rich gas on the engine performance. Ethanol and air were introduced into the reformer to generate hydrogen-rich gas. The control parameters included ethanol feed rate (4, 6 ,8 cc / min) , O2 / EtOH ratio (0.5, 0.6 ,0.7) and H2O / EtOH ratio(1, 3, 5). Experimental results showed that reforming performance was obtained as the engine exhaust temperature is low. The better engine performance was obtained under heat addition ratio of hydrogen-rich gas at 4.4-5.3% and A/I ratio of 0.625-0.887 for engine speed of 4000rpm, and under heat addition ratio of hydrogen-rich gas at 5.4-9.9% and A/I ratio of 0.671-1.272 for engine speed of 5000rpm. For engine speed of 6000rpm, the good results were obtained at heat addition ratio of hydrogen-rich gas at 3.5-9.0% and A/I ratio of 0.788-1.159. Overall, the hydrogen production under the conditions of ethanol feed rate of 6 cc/min, H2O/ EtOH ratio of 1 and O2/EtOH ratio of 0.5 gave the better performance and emissions of the engine.

並列關鍵字

Hydrogen-rich gas ； Reformer ； Engine

參考文獻

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