論沉浸式劇場《剝離動物園》之導演呈現手法與創作歷程

關於沉浸式（immersive）一詞的開始眾說紛紜，有人說首先來自於沉浸式體驗一概念，可能出自人們總是希望獲得最深沉的體驗（immerse in sth），特別是在娛樂方面，其中包括了遊戲、電影，甚至是劇場等等。因此沉浸式的遊戲體驗開始出現了密室逃脫、VR虛擬實境等；而電影的部分則出現了3D電影、4D電影，創造出了不同的視覺感官體驗，而沉浸式劇場的出現，則不在限制觀眾好好的坐在位置上觀看戲劇演出，它開始打破了一般劇場的空間形式，直接讓觀眾推敲劇情走向，甚至直接讓觀眾進入劇中，成為故事的一部分，讓觀眾與角色在劇中空間能近距離互動，透過人體的五官及五感：觸覺、視覺、聽覺、嗅覺、味覺之綜合互動，讓參與者「身歷其境」，身為觀眾的同時也成為了演員之一。沉浸式劇場就是一種讓觀眾在虛擬與現實之中遊走的劇場形式，利用一個編織出來的故事，將觀眾們牽引其中，甚至是陷入劇情之中，但又對所有參與者在劇場內的發展不設限，讓大家能夠利用邏輯思維及各種五感來自我探索。而本篇論文將藉由《剝離動物園》一沉浸式的演出製作來進行探討，並著眼於其中的導演手法和自身的創作歷程，以此進行成果報告書的撰寫。除了在事前作業中探討沉浸式劇場的出現與演變，並參照相關的概念和相關的戲劇演出等；也將探討進行沉浸式戲劇創作時，所要呈現的中心思想、導演理念，包含對於文本分析後的呈現手法、表演者的安置、劇場的空間運用等等，並且如何運用上面三點來作用於觀眾的五感，最後則希望透過這次的沉浸式演出，來得知導演手法對於觀眾造成了什麼影響，包含表演者們與觀眾互動造成的影響、空間運用上對於觀眾所產生的作用，以及最後在這些導演手法運用上，使得在文本（劇情）上走向的演變。接著將之加以敘述比較以及探討，最後對實驗上的瑕疵予以自我反省和改進。藉此希望能使對沉浸式劇場或是沉浸式此一概念有所喜愛的觀眾或讀者有更深的認識，並且提供台灣想要研究沉浸式概念的研究者們做為研究參考之用。

關鍵字

沉浸式劇場；《剝離動物園》；導演手法；遊戲劇場；互動劇場

並列摘要

There are a lot of concepts about the word“immersive”. Some people say that the concept of immersive experience may come from people who always want to get the deepest experience, or you can say that they want to immerse in something, especially in entertainment, including games, movies, even theatres. Therefore, the immersive game starts to rise as escape room, VR (virtual reality), etc. And the part of the film, such as 3D movies and 4D movies, creating different visual sensory experiences. The emergence of immersive theatre does not restrict the audience to sit in a proper position to watch performances. It begins to break the spatial form of the general theater, directly allowing the audience to scrutinize the plot, and even directly allows the audience to enter the play and become a part of the performance. And the audience and the characters can interact close in the immersive theatre, through the comprehensive interaction of the five senses of the human body: touch, sight, hearing, smell, and taste, allowing participants to "immerse themselves". As an audience, he also becomes one of the actors. Immersive theatre is a form of theatre that allows the audience to wander between virtual and reality. By creating the story, the audience is drawn into it, but it also unlimited to the development of all participants in the theatre. So that everyone can use logical thinking and five senses to explore themselves. This thesis will discuss the production of an immersive theatre which is called "The Menagerie ". And I will focus on the directing and my creative process to write the project report. In addition to discussing the emergence and evolution of immersive theatre in the pre-work, and referring to related concepts, related theatre performances, and also central ideas of the director when creating this immersive theatre, including analysis of the script. How to use the above points to affect the audience’s five senses are important. In the end, I hope that through this immersive performance, I can learn how the directing affects the audience. Including the influence of the interaction between the performers and the audience, the effect of the use of space on the audience, and finally the evolution of the plot in the use of these directing techniques. Then it will be compared, discussed, finally self-examined and improved on the flaws in the experiment. It is hoped that audiences or readers who are fond of immersive theatre or the concept of immersive will be more understanding here, and it will provide researchers in Taiwan who want to study the concept of immersive as a research reference.