運輸車輛之設計與製作

本論文針對農民目前栽種西瓜時所需之運輸車輛著手研究思量，設計製作出期望能夠取代現有瓜農所使用的履帶式搬運車，能夠擁有承載重物的能力，且易於在一般平面道路或崎嶇不平道路交互行駛，兼具容易維修、零件更換方便的條件，符合操作使用習慣的運輸車輛，協助農民解決目前所遭遇之問題。研發之運輸車輛經實際製作完成後，進行各項測試包含載重、爬坡、傳動軸的切換、煞車等，結果顯示車輛於一般道路及崎嶇不平的沙質路況下，均可達到農地搬運車最大載重規範內的1000kg，在爬坡測試中以全六輪傳動下載重1300kg的重量，也能安全達到30°之爬坡角度且維持車體重心穩定，對於日常操作使用上的要求初步足以應付。而所開發之傳動軸控制箱，在各項測試過程中的應用也能夠達到預期設計，適時的執行二驅、四驅、六驅之車軸的自由切換，此外設計以中間車軸做為空載時常態性動力傳遞，對於車輛於一般狀態下使用，減少了不必要的動能傳遞也可以有效佳的耗能表現。而在採收期間將所開發之運輸車輛，出借給農民並在相同人力運作下，實際對此車輛進行操作使用，並與現有履帶式搬運車載運比較，初步顯本文中所提之運輸車輛能夠在瓜田裡採收後，直接載送至集散地，相對與舊型履帶式搬運車減少了二次上下貨的換車動作，在作業效率上節省將近40%的時間。

關鍵字

運輸車輛；四輪傳動；搬運車；農業機械；小型搬運車

並列摘要

This papers to research for farmers currently planted watermelon by needed of transport vehicles, design making out expects can replaced existing farmers using of track type handling car, and can has hosted weights of capacity and easily in General plane road or rugged road interactive driving, easy repair and parts replaced convenient of conditions, meet operation using habits of transport vehicles, helping farmers solve currently suffered of problem. After development of transport vehicles by actual making completed, testing for contains loading, climbing slope and transmission of shift, braking etc., the results displayed vehicle on the general road and the rugged of sand road, loading can reached the maximum loading 1000kg specification, climbing slope tested to load 1300kg of weight also can security reached 30 ° of climbing angle, for daily operation using of the requirements enough to meet, Transmission control box developed by the testing process has been able to achieve the desired design, timely implementation of the second-drive, fourth-drive and sixth-drive shift, in addition to the middle axle doing for the normal no-load power transfer can use in the general state to reduce the unnecessary energy loss, increase efficiently energy performance, and during the harvest period lend the vehicle to farmers and using the same manpower operation to get crops, the actual operation with existing crawler transport vehicle, recorded the requiring time for each one, at the article was referred to the transport vehicle that can load directly the melons on the field, then carry to distribution center, as opposed to the old type truck needed the secondary loading goods, saving nearly 40% time efficiency.